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（记者刘真真）10月10日，山东水稻高质量发展研讨会暨“黄河口大米”现场观摩会在东营市垦利区举办。当日，山东省农业科学院（垦利）水稻试验示范基地、山东省农业科学院粳稻分子育种中心揭牌。\n\n山东省农业科学院粳稻分子育种中心是山东首个粳稻分子育种中心。据悉，该中心将聚焦黄淮稻区粳稻种源瓶颈问题，重点开展水稻种质挖掘、分子设计育种、优异新品种创制，瞄准优质粳稻攻关，补齐我省粳稻分子育种硬件平台短板。\n\n黄淮稻区是我国北方优质粳稻主产区和重要粮食生产基地，种植规模稳定、产业基础雄厚，是保障区域粮食安全、助力农民增收的重要板块。当前，随着规模化、轻简化、标准化种植快速普及，消费结构持续升级、盐碱地综合利用力度不断加大，现有主推粳稻品种短板逐步凸显，已难以适应现代农业高质量发展需求，主要存在三方面突出产业瓶颈：一是轻简化适配性不足，主栽品种普遍缺乏除草剂抗性，规模化生产杂草防控成本高、用工多、效率低，二是优质专用供给不足，品种类型以普通粳米为主，香米、软米、糯米等特色专用品种偏少，难以满足市场多元化、高品质消费需求，产业附加值提升空间受限；三是绿色抗逆能力偏弱，多数品种稻瘟病抗性不强、耐盐碱水平有限，易造成农药化肥过量投入，与绿色低碳、生态高效的发展导向不匹配。\n\n因此，山东省农业科学院立足湿地农业与生态研究所水稻种质改良与分子育种学科优势，整合全所分子育种、种质资源、示范推广优势资源，组建粳稻分子育种中心。\n\n据悉，山东省农科院粳稻分子育种中心将聚焦轻简化栽培需求，培育改良抗除草剂粳稻新品种，解决传统水稻生产除草难、成本高、用工重的痛点，支撑水稻规模化、机械化、轻简化生产。在补齐优质专用品种短板方面，该中心将针对市场消费升级趋势，定向改良食味品质，丰富香米、软米、糯稻等特色品种供给，优化品种结构，提升稻米产业附加值。在夯实绿色稳产生产基础方面，该中心将聚焦稻瘟病、盐碱胁迫等生产难题，提升品种抗病、耐盐、抗逆能力，推动水稻产业绿色低碳可持续发展。\n\n当日，山东省农业科学院（垦利）水稻试验示范基地揭牌。这是院地共建的盐碱地水稻综合试验示范平台，该基地将承担新品种鉴定评价、良种中试熟化、绿色栽培技术集成、现场观摩实训等任务，把实验室育种成果放到黄河三角洲盐碱地大田进行检验验证，破解科技成果转化“最后一公里”难题。\n\n黄河三角洲是我省盐碱地集中分布区域，垦利区近八成耕地属于不同程度的盐碱地，后备耕地资源潜力巨大，但土壤盐渍化是制约粮食生产的突出难题。近年来，山东省筛选了一大批适宜黄三角生态条件的水稻新品种，但黄河三角洲盐碱环境复杂多变，水稻品种还面临多重考验：部分品种耐盐适应性不稳定，适合重度盐碱地的优质粳稻仍然偏少；良种良法配套的普及程度有待提升；科企深度融合不够，优良品种产业化推广速度仍需加快。示范基地揭牌将有助于破解盐碱地水稻品种“水土不服”的难题，推动良种良法配套、科企深度融合。\n\n特别声明：以上文章内容仅代表作者本人观点，不代表新浪网观点或立场。如有关于作品内容、版权或其它问题请于作品发表后的30日内与新浪网联系。","农村大众报 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