[预印本]自主农业拖拉机:面向精准稻作的集成杂草检测与LiDAR导航系统(原标题:Autonomous Agricultural Tractor: Integrated Weed Detection and LiDAR Navigation for Precision Paddy Farming)
面向精准稻作的自主拖拉机系统，集成杂草检测与LiDAR导航，技术细节丰富，但属预印本且应用场景特定，影响范围有限。
稻田定点杂草管理相比传统广域喷药可大幅减少除草剂用量,但现场部署受三大挑战制约:冠层下GNSS退化的稳健作物行导航、稻与形态多样化杂草的实时视觉区分、将稻误识为杂草的不可逆错误代价。本研究提出AgriNav,围绕四个ROS耦合模块构建集成自主拖拉机系统:用于稻检测的WeedDet PyTorch重实现、并行轻量级168万参数CNN-FPN变体(带非对称类加权)、通过硬编码置信门否决保护稻类的逆逻辑判别模块,以及融合GNSS/IMU/轮式里程计的6状态恒定速度转向率扩展卡尔曼滤波。主要系统级贡献是LiDAR-相机融合桥,利用导航LiDAR做ROI约束、世界坐标投影、地面平面滤波和双向置信融合,无额外硬件成本。
Abstract:Site-specific weed management in paddy farming offers substantial reductions in herbicide use over conventional broadcast spraying, but field deployment has been limited by three persistent challenges: robust crop-row navigation under canopy where GNSS degrades, real-time visual discrimination between rice and morphologically diverse weeds, and the asymmetric cost of misclassifying rice as weed, which is irreversible.
This paper presents AgriNav, an integrated autonomous tractor system built around four ROS-coupled modules: a custom PyTorch reimplementation of WeedDet for rice detection, a parallel lightweight 1.68M-parameter CNN-FPN variant with asymmetric class weighting, an inverted-logic discrimination module that protects the rice class through a hardcoded confidence-gate veto, and a 6-state constant-velocity-turn-rate Extended Kalman Filter fusing GNSS, IMU, and wheel odometry with three-level outage bridging. Our primary system-level contribution is a four-mechanism LiDAR-camera fusion bridge that uses the navigation LiDAR for region-of-interest constraint, world-coordinate projection, ground-plane filtering, and bidirectional confidence fusion at zero additional hardware cost.
Simulation experiments demonstrate continuous position tracking through a 20-second GNSS outage, crop row detection confidence above 0.9 throughout operation, and rice-detection confidences from 0.32 to 0.95 across paddy, aerial, and post-flood imagery. The LiDAR ROI constraint reduces detection inference region by an estimated 30 to 50 percent.
Subjects:Robotics (cs.RO); Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
Cite as:arXiv:2608.19004 [cs.RO]
(or arXiv:2608.19004v1 [cs.RO] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2608.19004
arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)
Submission history
From: Sudip Dhakal [view email]
[v1] Wed, 19 Aug 2026 15:04:22 UTC (1,887 KB)