[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"item-2548":3,"related-2548":67},{"id":4,"title":5,"url":6,"summary":7,"summary_zh":8,"content":8,"source_name":9,"source_url":8,"published_at":10,"category":11,"cover_url":8,"hotness":12,"is_selected":13,"score":14,"score_detail":15,"sources":23,"tags":25,"primary_topic":31,"secondary_topics":37,"classification":38,"search_phrases":62,"slug":65,"view_count":20,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":66},2548,"人民日报 2026年9月10日 02版 政策解读·问答 如何引导更多资金流向三农领域","https:\u002F\u002Fcpc.people.com.cn\u002FBIG5\u002Fn1\u002F2026\u002F0910\u002Fc64387-40795954.html","人民日报记者郁静娴、朱隽专访农业农村部有关负责人。围绕健全多元投入格局，方案从财政、债券、信贷、保险、民间投资、农村集体资产等6个方面进行部署；强化价格、补贴、保险等政策支持和协同。",null,"人民日报 2026-09-10","2026-09-09T18:00:00Z","政策",10,true,88,{"impact":16,"substance":17,"depth":18,"authority":19,"freshness":20,"relevant":21,"comment":22},27,22,18,15,6,1,"央媒专访农业农村部负责人，系统解读财政、债券、信贷、保险、民间投资与集体资产六方面多元投入部署，政策条款与信源权威性俱佳，值得进入每日精选。",[24],{"name":9,"url":6},[26,27,28,29,30],"乡村振兴","农业保险","农村金融","三农投入","民间投资",{"code":32,"slug":33,"name":34,"path":35,"parent_code":36},"J1","policy-planning","政策制度与发展规划","\u002Ftopic\u002Fpolicy\u002Fpolicy-planning","J",[],{"status":39,"locked":40,"version":41,"method":42,"evidence":43},"classified",false,"2026-10-22.2","rules",{"candidates":44,"agricultural_evidence":13},[45,51,57],{"code":32,"score":46,"supported":13,"title":47,"abstract":49,"tags":50},8,[48],"政策解读",[],[],{"code":52,"score":53,"supported":40,"title":54,"abstract":55,"tags":56},"G3",2,[],[],[27,28],{"code":58,"score":21,"supported":40,"title":59,"abstract":60,"tags":61},"G",[],[],[26],[63,64],"三农投入 乡村振兴 农业保险 农村金融","三农投入 乡村振兴","三农投入乡村振兴农业保险农村金融-2548","2026-09-16T00:03:44.736994Z",{"total":20,"page":21,"page_size":20,"items":68},[69,148,212,290,334,385],{"id":70,"title":71,"url":72,"summary":73,"summary_zh":74,"content":8,"source_name":75,"source_url":72,"published_at":76,"category":77,"cover_url":8,"hotness":12,"is_selected":40,"score":78,"score_detail":79,"sources":83,"tags":85,"primary_topic":90,"secondary_topics":91,"classification":92,"search_phrases":124,"slug":127,"view_count":110,"doi":128,"paper":129,"created_at":147},4049,"Transient prosperity or durable resilience: how place-based specialty agricultural policy shapes rural household welfare in China","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3389\u002Ffsufs.2026.1938168","Background Improving rural household welfare is central to global sustainable development. China’s place-based Specialty Agricultural Product Advantageous Zones (SAZ) policy promotes specialized agricultural clusters. Nevertheless, existing literature mostly evaluates policy effects based on monetary income, with limited evidence on whether such policy merely delivers short-run transient prosperity or builds long-run durable household development resilience. This study fills this gap by disentangling the policy’s dual welfare outcomes and underlying factor‑reallocation mechanisms Methods Drawing on 2013‑2021 matched panel data combining the China Household Finance Survey (CHFS) micro‑household data and county-level socioeconomic statistics, this paper adopts a multi-period difference‑in‑differences (DID) framework to estimate SAZ impacts on two welfare metrics: multidimensional household income quality (capturing transient prosperity) and model-derived household development resilience (measuring durable resilience). Mediation analysis is further applied to test three transmission pathways: agricultural land intensification, employment structure transformation, and production technology upgrading. Parallel trend tests, placebo permutation, heterogeneous treatment effect diagnostics, threshold changing robustness checks, and instrumental‑variable estimation are implemented to establish causal validity. Results SAZ construction improves household income quality in the short run to generate transient prosperity, and enhances long-term development resilience to build durable resilience. This is mainly attributed to three complementary transmission channels: agricultural land intensification, employment structure transformation, and production technology upgrading. Among them, employment structure transformation serves as the dominant pathway, particularly for long-term development resilience, while production technology upgrading and agricultural land intensification play reinforcing roles. Heterogeneity analysis shows that households in counties with stronger agricultural foundations obtain larger welfare gains, and this advantage is especially pronounced for durable resilience. Across SAZ product categories, all five types significantly raise short-term income quality, but the gains in development resilience are insignificant for aquaculture zones. Across household types, transient prosperity gains are broadly comparable regardless of income structure, while durable resilience gains are concentrated among agriculture-dominated households. Conclusion Place-based specialty-agricultural policy can achieve not only immediate income‑driven prosperity but also durable livelihood resilience via land, labor, and technology factor reallocation. To maximize policy returns, local governments should reform SAZ performance appraisal to incorporate resilience-related indicators, prioritize employment structure upgrading, and implement differentiated support for lagging counties, specific SAZ product categories, and heterogeneous household groups. The findings offer replicable practical references for developing economies pursuing balanced short-run welfare improvement and long-term resilient rural livelihoods.","背景 改善农村家庭福利是全球可持续发展的核心议题。中国实施的优势特色农产品优势区（SAZ）政策旨在推动专业化农业集群发展。然而，现有文献多基于货币收入评估政策效果，关于该政策究竟仅带来短期暂时繁荣，还是能够构建长期持久的家庭发展韧性，尚缺乏充分证据。本研究通过区分该政策的双重福利效应及其背后的要素再配置机制，填补了这一空白。方法 基于2013—2021年中国家庭金融调查（CHFS）微观家庭数据与县级社会经济统计数据匹配的面板数据，本文采用多期双重差分（DID）框架，估计SAZ对两项福利指标的影响：多维家庭收入质量（反映暂时繁荣）和模型推导的家庭发展韧性（衡量持久韧性）。进一步运用中介分析检验三条传导路径：农业土地集约化、就业结构转型和生产技术升级。通过平行趋势检验、安慰剂置换检验、异质性处理效应诊断、阈值变化稳健性检验和工具变量估计，以确保因果推断的有效性。结果 SAZ建设在短期内提升家庭收入质量，产生暂时繁荣，并增强长期发展韧性，构建持久韧性。这主要归因于三条互补的传导渠道：农业土地集约化、就业结构转型和生产技术升级。其中，就业结构转型是主导路径，尤其在长期发展韧性方面作用突出，而生产技术升级和农业土地集约化则发挥强化作用。异质性分析表明，农业基础较强县的家庭获得更大的福利增益，且这一优势在持久韧性方面尤为显著。在SAZ产品类别中，五类产品均显著提高短期收入质量，但水产养殖区的发","Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems","2026-10-02T00:00:00Z","论文",81,{"impact":18,"substance":17,"depth":80,"authority":81,"freshness":46,"relevant":21,"comment":82},19,14,"基于CHFS微观面板数据评估特色农产品优势区政策对农户短期增收与长期韧性的双重效应，方法严谨、结论有政策参考价值，值得进入每日精选。",[84],{"name":75,"url":72},[26,86,87,88,89],"特色农业","农业经济","产业政策","农户福祉",{"code":32,"slug":33,"name":34,"path":35,"parent_code":36},[],{"status":39,"locked":40,"version":41,"method":42,"evidence":93},{"candidates":94,"agricultural_evidence":13},[95,101,108,115,120],{"code":32,"score":96,"supported":13,"title":97,"abstract":99,"tags":100},11,[98],"agricultural policy",[98],[],{"code":102,"score":20,"supported":13,"title":103,"abstract":104,"tags":107},"D",[],[105,106],"水产","aquaculture",[],{"code":109,"score":110,"supported":13,"title":111,"abstract":112,"tags":114},"I7",3,[],[113],"因果推断",[],{"code":116,"score":53,"supported":40,"title":117,"abstract":118,"tags":119},"G4",[],[],[88,86],{"code":58,"score":21,"supported":40,"title":121,"abstract":122,"tags":123},[],[],[26],[125,126],"CHFS 农户发展韧性","乡村振兴 产业政策 农业经济 农户福祉","CHFS农户发展韧性-4049","10.3389\u002Ffsufs.2026.1938168",{"doi":128,"openalex_id":130,"authors":131,"venue":75,"cited_by_count":138,"oa_url":139,"card":140,"direction":144,"ingested_from":146},"W7215929771",[132,134,136],{"name":133,"orcid":8},"Zhaohua Zhang",{"name":135,"orcid":8},"Zhiyou Shi",{"name":137,"orcid":8},"Shengli Shi",0,"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.frontiersin.org\u002Fjournals\u002Fsustainable-food-systems\u002Farticles\u002F10.3389\u002Ffsufs.2026.1938168\u002Fpdf",{"tldr":141,"method":142,"finding":143,"direction":144,"opportunity":145},"评估中国特色农产品优势区政策对农户收入质量与发展韧性的双重影响及机制。","基于CHFS与县级面板数据，采用多期DID与中介分析检验三条路径。","政策既带来短期收入质量提升，也增强长期发展韧性，就业结构转型为主导路径。","数字乡村与农业信息化","可探究数字技术如何赋能就业结构转型与生产升级，以强化政策长期韧性效应。","openalex","2026-10-03T23:30:07.863943Z",{"id":149,"title":150,"url":151,"summary":152,"summary_zh":153,"content":8,"source_name":75,"source_url":151,"published_at":154,"category":77,"cover_url":8,"hotness":12,"is_selected":40,"score":155,"score_detail":156,"sources":160,"tags":162,"primary_topic":168,"secondary_topics":169,"classification":170,"search_phrases":190,"slug":193,"view_count":138,"doi":194,"paper":195,"created_at":211},4413,"Planting subsidies or brand building? Policy thresholds and goal conflict in agribusiness-led contract farming","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3389\u002Ffsufs.2026.1964914","Introduction Under yield uncertainty and agribusiness-led contract farming, government intervention is important for sustaining agricultural production and supporting farmer profit. Yet production-side planting subsidies and demand-side brand-building policies operate through different mechanisms, leaving their relative advantages and applicable conditions unclear. This study examines how the government should choose between the two policies and how firm social responsibility shapes their relative performance. Methods We develop a sequential game involving a government, an agribusiness firm, and a farmer under stochastic yield. The firm's objective incorporates concern for farmer profit. Equilibrium decisions are derived by backward induction, and the policies are compared in terms of social welfare and farmer profit. Numerical analysis illustrates the analytical results. Results The planting subsidy policy directly strengthens the farmer's production incentive, whereas the brand-building policy expands market demand and induces the firm to offer a higher procurement price. The benefits of brand building depend critically on its cost-effectiveness. We identify two endogenous thresholds: a social-welfare threshold and a farmer-profit threshold, with the former strictly lower than the latter. As brand-building cost-effectiveness increases, policy preference shifts through three regions: planting-subsidy dominance, goal conflict, and brand-building dominance. In the intermediate region, brand building generates higher social welfare, while the farmer remains better off under planting subsidies. Yield risk, price sensitivity, and planting costs widen the goal-conflict region, whereas higher expected yield and stronger firm social responsibility narrow it. Market size affects absolute outcomes but does not change the relative policy ranking. Discussion These findings extend the agricultural-policy literature from the design of production subsidies to the choice between production-side and demand-side interventions. They show that improvements in aggregate welfare do not necessarily translate into greater benefits for farmers.","引言 在产量不确定性和农业企业主导的订单农业背景下，政府干预对于维持农业生产和支持农民利润至关重要。然而，生产端的种植补贴与需求端的品牌建设政策通过不同机制发挥作用，其相对优势和适用条件尚不明确。本研究考察政府应如何在两种政策之间进行选择，以及企业社会责任如何影响二者的相对表现。方法 我们构建了一个包含政府、农业企业和农户的序贯博弈模型，其中产量具有随机性。企业的目标函数中纳入了对农民利润的关注。通过逆向归纳法求解均衡决策，并从社会福利和农民利润两个维度对政策进行比较。数值分析用于验证解析结果。结果 种植补贴政策直接强化了农户的生产激励，而品牌建设政策则扩大了市场需求并促使企业提供更高的收购价格。品牌建设的收益关键取决于其成本效益。我们识别出两个内生阈值：社会福利阈值和农民利润阈值，且前者严格低于后者。随着品牌建设成本效益的提高，政策偏好依次经历三个阶段：种植补贴占优、目标冲突和品牌建设占优。在中间区域，品牌建设带来更高的社会福利，而农户在种植补贴下境况更好。产量风险、价格敏感性和种植成本会扩大目标冲突区域，而更高的预期产量和更强的企业社会责任则会缩小该区域。市场规模影响绝对结果，但不改变政策的相对排序。讨论 这些发现将农业政策文献从生产补贴的设计拓展至生产端与需求端干预之间的选择。研究表明，总体福利的改善并不必然转化为农民收益的增加。","2026-10-07T00:00:00Z",77,{"impact":157,"substance":17,"depth":18,"authority":158,"freshness":46,"relevant":21,"comment":159},16,13,"以序贯博弈模型揭示生产端补贴与需求端品牌建设之间的社会福利与农户利润目标冲突，为农业政策选择提供新结论，学术增量明确但属理论模型研究，公共影响有限。",[161],{"name":75,"url":151},[163,164,165,166,167],"品牌建设","农业政策","订单农业","农业补贴","农户收益",{"code":32,"slug":33,"name":34,"path":35,"parent_code":36},[],{"status":39,"locked":40,"version":41,"method":42,"evidence":171},{"candidates":172,"agricultural_evidence":13},[173,177,182,186],{"code":32,"score":110,"supported":13,"title":174,"abstract":175,"tags":176},[],[164],[],{"code":178,"score":53,"supported":40,"title":179,"abstract":180,"tags":181},"E5",[],[],[163,165],{"code":52,"score":21,"supported":40,"title":183,"abstract":184,"tags":185},[],[],[166],{"code":116,"score":21,"supported":40,"title":187,"abstract":188,"tags":189},[],[],[165],[191,192],"订单农业 种植补贴 品牌建设","农业政策 农业补贴 农户收益 品牌建设","订单农业种植补贴品牌建设-4413","10.3389\u002Ffsufs.2026.1964914",{"doi":194,"openalex_id":196,"authors":197,"venue":75,"cited_by_count":138,"oa_url":204,"card":205,"direction":209,"ingested_from":146},"W7220848356",[198,201],{"name":199,"orcid":200},"Lidong Chen","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-6228-1536",{"name":202,"orcid":203},"Zigong Cai","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0001-8551-9159","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.frontiersin.org\u002Fjournals\u002Fsustainable-food-systems\u002Farticles\u002F10.3389\u002Ffsufs.2026.1964914\u002Fpdf",{"tldr":206,"method":207,"finding":208,"direction":209,"opportunity":210},"构建政府、农企与农户序贯博弈，比较种植补贴与品牌建设政策并识别目标冲突阈值。","随机产量下序贯博弈、逆向归纳与数值分析。","品牌建设成本效益提高使政策偏好经历补贴主导、目标冲突、品牌主导三阶段，福利与农户利润阈值不同。","农业人工智能与决策模型","可结合实证数据检验阈值，并设计兼顾社会福利与农户利润的混合政策机制。","2026-10-08T23:30:07.437474Z",{"id":213,"title":214,"url":215,"summary":216,"summary_zh":8,"content":217,"source_name":218,"source_url":8,"published_at":219,"category":11,"cover_url":8,"hotness":12,"is_selected":13,"score":14,"score_detail":220,"sources":223,"tags":225,"primary_topic":228,"secondary_topics":234,"classification":241,"search_phrases":285,"slug":288,"view_count":110,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":289},3572,"农业农村部等六部门联合印发《坚持农业农村优先发展 完善乡村振兴投入机制实施方案》——财政优先保'三农'，耕地地力保护补贴、农机购置与应用补贴、稻谷小麦最低收购价继续发力","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.toutiao.com\u002Farticle\u002F7689083769965412864\u002F","农业农村部、中央农办、国家发展改革委、财政部、中国人民银行、金融监管总局六部门联合印发《坚持农业农村优先发展 完善乡村振兴投入机制实施方案》，明确一般公共预算优先投农业农村，土地出让收入用于农业农村的政策继续落实；耕地地力保护补贴、农机购置与应用补贴（有机优补、有进有出）、稻谷小麦最低收购价继续托底；对脱贫人口落实帮扶小额信贷，推广畜禽活体、农业设施抵押贷；用好稻谷、小麦、玉米、大豆完全成本保险和种植收入保险；村集体可资源发包、物业出租、参股经营，符合条件的涉农项目可发基础设施REITs。","农业农村部等六部门印发**《坚持农业农村优先发展 完善乡村振兴投入机制实施方案》**，核心就一句：往农村投的钱要更多、更准、更见效。这跟咱农民、种粮大户到底有啥关系？阿业一条条给你捋明白。\n\n1.   **谁发的**。农业农村部、中央农办、国家发展改革委、财政部、中国人民银行、金融监管总局**六部门**联合，落款**2026年8月18日**（2026年9月7日发布），**全国通用**的正式文件。\n2.   **财政优先保\"三农\"**。一般公共预算优先投农业农村；土地出让收入用于农业农村的政策继续落实；加大对粮食主产区的利益补偿，完善产粮大县奖励政策——种粮的地方和种粮的人，都更有奔头。\n3.   **几项\"老补贴\"接着发、发得更准**。方案点名要完善**耕地地力保护补贴**、实施好**农机购置与应用补贴**（有机优补、有进有出）；稻谷、小麦最低收购价继续托底，让粮价有底线。\n4.   **贷款更好贷了**。对脱贫人口发展生产，落实**帮扶小额信贷**；推广畜禽活体、农业设施抵押贷；用\"信贷直通车\"、首贷、信用贷，让新型农业经营主体借钱不再难。\n5.   **保险帮你兜风险**。稻谷、小麦、玉米、大豆的**完全成本保险和种植收入保险**要用好用足；地方特色农产品保险继续支持；大灾理赔也更实在。\n6.   **农村\"沉睡资产\"能盘活**。村集体可以资源发包、物业出租、参股经营；农村地区还能合规搞光伏、风电、水电、生物质能等能源项目；符合条件的涉农项目可以发基础设施REITs。\n\n![Image 1](https:\u002F\u002Fp3-sign.toutiaoimg.com\u002Ftos-cn-i-axegupay5k\u002F58b8c211ca1c40fb97d1312845a294a3~tplv-tt-origin-web:gif.jpeg?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1791072341&x-signature=k3%2BaCdW5dFTZ3x6KXQjRzrXnvgE%3D)\n\n**避坑提醒**\n\n1.   这是\"投入机制\"的顶层设计，不是直接给个人发钱——补贴还是按原有官方渠道发，别误以为是新红包。\n2.   警惕\"乡村振兴内部名额\"\"扶贫基金认购\"类诈骗，所有补贴、贷款只走官方渠道，不交任何\"手续费\"。\n3.   具体补贴标准、信贷产品以当地最新通知和金融机构为准。\n\n这是**全国通用**的正式文件，已公开发布、非征求意见稿。这份方案落款2026年8月18日、2026年9月7日公开发布，本文是截至2026年9月24日对该文件的通俗梳理，并非新发布政策；具体补贴、信贷、保险以当地最新官方通知为准。觉得有用就收藏转发，关注本号，后续落地细则出来我再给你讲大白话。\n\n信息来源：[农业农村部 中央农办 国家发展改革委 财政部 中国人民银行 金融监管总局关于印发《坚持农业农村优先发展 完善乡村振兴投入机制实施方案》的通知](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.moa.gov.cn\u002Fgovpublic\u002FCWS\u002F202609\u002Ft20260907_6487329.htm)\n\n```\n【适用范围：全国通用】\n【政策状态：正式落地文件（已公开发布、非征求意见稿、非未来才生效）】\n【免责声明：本文仅为官方政策通俗科普，仅供参考】\n```\n\n[#农业#](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.toutiao.com\u002Farticle\u002F7689083769965412864\u002F)[#乡村#](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.toutiao.com\u002Farticle\u002F7689083769965412864\u002F)[#民生关注#](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.toutiao.com\u002Farticle\u002F7689083769965412864\u002F)","微观三农（今日头条转载）2026-09-25","2026-09-25T00:00:00Z",{"impact":221,"substance":17,"depth":18,"authority":81,"freshness":20,"relevant":21,"comment":222},28,"六部门联合印发的全国性乡村振兴投入机制文件，条款具体、信源权威，虽非当日发布但仍在时效窗口内，值得进入每日精选。",[224],{"name":218,"url":215},[26,27,226,28,227,166],"财政支农","最低收购价",{"code":229,"slug":230,"name":231,"path":232,"parent_code":233},"A2","wheat","小麦","\u002Ftopic\u002Ffield-crops\u002Fwheat","A",[235],{"code":236,"slug":237,"name":238,"path":239,"parent_code":240},"F5","machinery","农机装备与机械化","\u002Ftopic\u002Finputs-equipment\u002Fmachinery","F",{"status":39,"locked":40,"version":41,"method":42,"evidence":242},{"candidates":243,"agricultural_evidence":13},[244,249,253,258,264,270,276,280],{"code":58,"score":245,"supported":13,"title":246,"abstract":247,"tags":248},12,[26],[26],[26],{"code":229,"score":96,"supported":13,"title":250,"abstract":251,"tags":252},[231],[231],[],{"code":236,"score":96,"supported":13,"title":254,"abstract":256,"tags":257},[255],"农机",[255],[],{"code":259,"score":110,"supported":13,"title":260,"abstract":261,"tags":263},"A3",[],[262],"玉米",[],{"code":265,"score":110,"supported":13,"title":266,"abstract":267,"tags":269},"A4",[],[268],"大豆",[],{"code":271,"score":110,"supported":13,"title":272,"abstract":273,"tags":275},"C",[],[274],"畜禽",[],{"code":52,"score":110,"supported":40,"title":277,"abstract":278,"tags":279},[],[],[27,166,28,226],{"code":281,"score":21,"supported":40,"title":282,"abstract":283,"tags":284},"A8",[],[],[227],[286,287],"六部门 乡村振兴投入机制 实施方案","耕地地力保护补贴 农机购置补贴","六部门乡村振兴投入机制实施方案-3572","2026-09-27T00:05:13.815434Z",{"id":291,"title":292,"url":293,"summary":294,"summary_zh":8,"content":295,"source_name":296,"source_url":8,"published_at":297,"category":11,"cover_url":8,"hotness":12,"is_selected":13,"score":298,"score_detail":299,"sources":302,"tags":304,"primary_topic":307,"secondary_topics":311,"classification":312,"search_phrases":329,"slug":332,"view_count":110,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":333},2545,"六部门联合印发《坚持农业农村优先发展 完善乡村振兴投入机制实施方案》 解读","https:\u002F\u002Fjcs.moa.gov.cn\u002Fzcjd\u002F202609\u002Ft20260911_6487594.htm","农业农村部、中央农办、国家发展改革委、财政部、中国人民银行、金融监管总局联合印发。2025年全国农林水财政支出达2.35万亿元、是2012年的2.48倍，涉农贷款余额达53.57万亿元；从财政、债券、信贷、保险、民间投资、农村集体资产六个方面健全多元投入格局；到2030年基本建立与农业农村发展水平相适应的乡村振兴投入机制。","本网讯 近日，经中央深改委审议通过，农业农村部、中央农办、国家发展改革委、财政部、中国人民银行、金融监管总局联合印发《坚持农业农村优先发展、完善乡村振兴投入机制实施方案》（以下简称《方案》）。农业农村部有关负责人就《方案》进行了解读。\n\n问：请介绍一下《方案》出台的背景。\n\n答：党中央、国务院高度重视“三农”工作。2025年全国农林水财政支出达到2.35万亿元、是2012年的2.48倍，涉农贷款余额达到53.57万亿元，社会资金积极参与，带动农业农村投入规模不断扩大，多元投入格局逐步形成，为保障国家粮食安全、巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果、促进农民持续增收、支撑经济社会发展发挥了重要作用。\n\n“十五五”时期是基本实现社会主义现代化夯实基础、全面发力的关键时期。巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果、加快补齐农业农村现代化短板弱项、扎实推进乡村全面振兴任务艰巨。党的二十届三中全会提出，坚持农业农村优先发展，完善乡村振兴投入机制；党的二十届四中全会提出，健全财政优先保障、金融重点倾斜、社会积极参与的多元投入格局，确保乡村振兴投入力度不断增强。贯彻落实中央决策部署，农业农村部会同中央农办、国家发展改革委、财政部、中国人民银行、金融监管总局研究起草了《方案》，旨在进一步完善乡村振兴投入机制，持续提高强农惠农富农政策效能。\n\n问：《方案》的主要内容包括哪些方面？\n\n答：《方案》坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，认真落实党的二十大和二十届历次全会精神，认真落实四中全会部署，深入贯彻习近平总书记关于“三农”工作的重要论述，完整准确全面贯彻新发展理念，坚持把解决好“三农”问题作为全党工作重中之重，坚持农业农村优先发展，健全财政优先保障、金融重点倾斜、社会积极参与的多元投入格局，确保乡村振兴投入力度不断增强，促进“三农”领域投入结构不断优化。\n\n《方案》共四部分内容。第一部分，总体要求。明确了基本思路和总体目标。第二部分，健全多元投入格局。从强化政府资金优先保障、发挥债券资金支农作用、提升信贷资金支农效能、用好保险支农政策工具、激发民间投资活力、盘活用好农村资源资产等六方面，拓宽农业农村投入渠道，推动各渠道资金形成投入合力。第三部分，强化协同联动。从促进政府投入、金融支持和民间投资协同发力，促进农业产业政策、投资政策和贸易政策协调联动，强化价格、补贴、保险等政策支持和协同等三方面，提出提高投资效益的有效举措。第四部分，健全工作责任体系。从压实工作责任、强化要素保障、优化投资环境、加强监督管理和激励约束等四方面提出保障措施，确保各项举措落实落地。\n\n问：《方案》对健全乡村振兴多元投入格局都作了哪些部署？\n\n答：《方案》从财政、债券、信贷、保险、民间投资、农村集体资产等六个方面进行了部署。\n\n一是强化政府资金优先保障。习近平总书记强调，公共财政要向“三农”倾斜，逐步解决欠账较多的问题。《方案》提出优先保障农业农村领域一般公共预算投入，优化投入结构、重点和方式，按规定落实好土地出让收入用于农业农村相关政策。加大对粮食主产区的利益补偿力度，实施粮食产销区省际横向利益补偿，完善产粮大县奖励政策，进一步提高财政补贴精准性，切实保护农民种粮和地方政府抓粮积极性。发挥现有资金渠道作用，积极支持农业农村重大基础设施建设、农村人居环境整治，深入推进乡村生态文明建设和文明乡风建设，推动农村基本具备现代生活条件。保持中央财政常态化帮扶资金规模及省市两级投入资金规模稳定。\n\n二是发挥债券资金支农作用。我国债券市场规模位居世界第二，近年来我国实施积极的财政政策，2025年安排超长期特别国债1.3万亿元、地方政府新增一般债券8000亿元、地方政府新增专项债券4.4万亿元。《方案》提出统筹用好各类债券资金，支持符合条件的乡村基础设施建设、产业发展和公共服务项目。坚持自上而下、软硬结合，高质量推动农业农村领域“两重”建设。支持各地将专项债券资金用于符合条件的农业农村项目，提高项目储备质量，更好发挥专项债券在农业农村领域强基础、补短板、惠民生的积极作用。各地可根据自身实际情况通过一般债券资金支持符合条件的农业农村项目。鼓励符合条件的公司发行乡村振兴债券。\n\n三是提升信贷资金支农效能。习近平总书记强调，要把更多金融资源配置到农村经济社会发展的重点领域和薄弱环节，更好满足乡村振兴多样化金融需求。2025年，农户贷款余额达到18.42万亿元、农林牧渔业贷款余额达到6.89万亿元。《方案》提出深入实施金融支持乡村振兴专项行动，综合运用货币政策工具，在不新增地方政府隐性债务前提下，支持金融机构为乡村振兴领域提供信贷支持。优化涉农领域信贷投向，推动各类金融机构向产粮（油）大县、制种大县、乡村振兴重点帮扶县等提供支持，重点做好粮食稳产保供、乡村振兴重要产业、农业农村基础设施、农业科技创新等领域信贷资金投放。落实好帮扶小额信贷政策，精准支持防止返贫致贫对象和需要继续帮扶的原建档立卡脱贫人口发展生产、增加收入。支持银行机构在依法合规前提下，创新并推广与农业农村需求相匹配的信贷产品，加大首贷、信用贷等产品供给和续贷政策实施力度。为符合条件的农产品经纪人、产销类农民合作社等产地流通主体提供信贷支持。完善涉农资产评估机制，探索建立确权颁证、价值评估、抵押登记、资产处置等管理制度，推广畜禽活体、农业设施等抵押融资贷款，创新发展农机装备、农产品仓单、资产经营权使用权等抵质押融资。提升农村数字金融水平，拓展信贷市场服务平台、农业经营主体信贷直通车、农业农村基础设施建设融资项目库等平台的投融资对接服务功能。\n\n四是用好保险支农政策工具。2025年，我国农业保险保费规模突破1550亿元，稳居全球第一，为1.25亿户次农户提供风险保障超5.2万亿元。《方案》提出健全多层次农业保险体系，加快农业保险高质量发展。推动关系国计民生和粮食安全农产品保险发展，用好用足稻谷、小麦、玉米、大豆完全成本保险和种植收入保险政策。支持发展地方优势特色农产品保险，稳定农户收益。支持保险机构丰富保险产品体系，扩大涉农保险产品供给，鼓励保险机构按市场化原则积极自主发展农田保险、农机保险、农村居民人身保险等，充分发挥保险服务农业全产业链建设作用。鼓励有条件的地方降低乡村振兴重点帮扶县农业保险县级保费补贴承担比例。推进农业保险精准投保理赔，鼓励保险机构参与灾害救助和应急管理体系建设，积极开展灾害预警和风险减量服务，提升承保理赔服务质效。\n\n五是激发民间投资活力。民间投资对稳就业稳经济具有重要作用，2025年第一产业民间固定资产投资规模5264亿元，占第一产业固定资产投资的55%。《方案》提出发挥好民间投资在乡村振兴中的积极作用，引导民间投资依法规范有序投入乡村振兴。按照法治化、市场化原则，综合运用贷款贴息、投债联动等方式，调动耐心资本投入农业农村的积极性。完善鼓励引导公益慈善等社会力量投入乡村振兴的举措。支持以市场化方式设立乡村振兴基金，撬动金融资本、社会力量形成投入合力。积极支持符合条件的涉农企业上市融资，助力农业科技领军企业等经营主体利用多层次资本市场加快高质量发展。\n\n六是盘活用好农村资源资产。习近平总书记强调，要建立健全集体资产各项管理制度，完善农村集体产权权能，发展壮大新型集体经济。《方案》提出健全农村基层党组织领导机制，鼓励农村集体经济组织因地制宜探索资源发包、物业出租、居间服务、经营性财产参股等路径发展新型农村集体经济，增强其自身发展能力。加快推动农村产权流转交易和融资服务平台建设应用。建立统一的脱贫攻坚国家投入形成资产登记管理台账，创新项目运营模式，促进资产有效盘活、高效利用，持续发挥联农带农作用。深化农村集体“三资”管理，指导农村集体经济组织规范投资行为，审慎选择经营方式，稳健开展经营活动。支持符合条件的涉农项目发行基础设施领域不动产投资信托基金（REITs）。鼓励各类企业与村集体通过村企合作等模式，在农村地区合理开展光伏、风能、水电、生物质能等能源项目建设和运营。\n\n问：《方案》对强化政策联动协同提出了哪些要求？\n\n答：一是促进政府投入、金融支持、民间投资协同发力。《方案》提出强化政府性融资担保体系对农业经营主体和服务主体的担保支持，加快健全各级农业融资担保平台，支持全国农业信贷担保体系发挥积极作用，为新型农业经营主体提供便捷高效优质的担保服务。完善涉农贷款风险补偿机制。鼓励通过各级政府重大项目管理平台、农业农村投融资项目库向金融机构、民间资本推送涉农项目信息。落实政府和社会资本合作（PPP）新机制，推动在乡村产业发展和公共基础设施建设中形成投入合力。\n\n二是促进农业产业政策、投资政策、贸易政策协调联动。《方案》提出建立产业政策引导、投资政策保障、贸易政策协同的联动机制，放大政策集成效应，促进消费和投资、供给和需求良性互动。加强市场信息发布和预期引导。促进农产品产供销精准衔接，优化供给端、创新流通端、激活市场端，满足多样化、品质化、差异化消费需求，引领供需结构升级。拓宽多元化投融资渠道，以发展农业新质生产力为重点，促进农业产业延链强链补链，提升农业综合生产能力和竞争力。加强“三农”投资形势分析研判。完善农产品贸易与农业生产协调机制。\n\n三是强化价格、补贴、保险等政策支持和协同。《方案》提出推动价格政策、补贴政策和保险政策“三位一体”、同向发力，稳定收益预期，增强投资动力。完善粮食等重要农产品价格形成机制，推动粮食和重要农产品价格保持在合理水平。完善稻谷、小麦最低收购价政策，保持托底功能定位，合理确定最低收购价水平。完善承包地经营权流转价格形成机制，健全农资保供稳价应对机制。完善耕地地力保护补贴政策。实施好农机购置与应用补贴政策，推进补贴机具有进有出、优机优补。强化保险在风险分担、损失补偿、融资增信等方面的作用，发挥保险机制对财政补贴资金的放大效应，助力农民增收。\n\n问：《方案》对于健全工作责任体系有哪些部署安排？\n\n答：一是压实工作责任。实行中央统筹、省负总责、市县乡抓落实的工作机制，压实地方政府乡村振兴投入责任，强化部门间沟通协作，形成工作合力。发挥规划对农业农村投资的引导和规范作用。提升金融服务乡村振兴常态化工作协调机制效能，精准做好融资辅导和金融支持。进一步做好乡村振兴投入统计工作。\n\n二是强化要素保障。坚持从实际出发，加大乡村振兴各类要素保障力度，促进各类要素资源高效配置。推动城乡要素双向流动，激励各类人才下乡服务和创业就业，大力培养乡村实用人才。严格落实乡村振兴相关土地政策，节约集约利用农村集体经营性建设用地，推动充分利用存量用地，倾斜安排新增用地指标，出台设施农业用地相关办法，分类保障乡村发展用地。优先保障农业农村项目用水、用电、用能等方面需求。\n\n三是优化投资环境。增强农业农村投资政策取向一致性和有效性，规范行政执法行为，切实保护经营主体合法权益。营造公平公正的市场环境，保障各类经营主体依法平等使用各类生产要素和公共服务资源，防止各类垄断、不正当竞争行为损害农民利益。强化服务意识，优化审批流程，细化量化服务标准，为经营主体提供便捷高效的政务服务，落实好支持农业农村发展相关税收优惠政策，抓好涉企收费长效监管机制落实落地。\n\n四是加强监督管理和激励约束。健全乡村振兴政府投资项目全生命周期监管和资金全链条监管体系，及时排查风险隐患、堵塞管理漏洞、提升监管效能，推动各类监督贯通协调，做好政策和项目信息公开，切实防范挤占挪用、骗取套取财政资金等问题。加强金融服务乡村振兴成效评估，引导金融机构更加精准服务乡村振兴。强化乡村振兴领域项目支出绩效评价，按项目类型制定不同绩效评价指标，提高绩效管理实效。完善激励约束机制，将资金项目监管、绩效管理等结果作为财政预算安排、投资规模确定、支持政策调整的重要参考。","农业农村部计划财务司 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