[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"item-411":3,"related-411":89},{"id":4,"title":5,"url":6,"summary":7,"summary_zh":8,"content":9,"source_name":10,"source_url":8,"published_at":11,"category":12,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":14,"score":15,"score_detail":16,"sources":24,"tags":26,"primary_topic":32,"secondary_topics":38,"classification":51,"search_phrases":83,"slug":86,"view_count":87,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":88},411,"科研新发现:地膜微塑料破坏棉田根际微生态 加剧棉花黄萎病发生——河北省农科院植保所成果发表于Environmental Microbiome","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.farmer.com.cn\u002F2026\u002F08\u002F10\u002Fwap_991025691.html","河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所国家棉花产业技术体系棉花病害防控岗位科研团队揭示地膜微塑料加重棉花黄萎病发生的作用机制,成果发表于Environmental Microbiome。研究发现,地膜微塑料抑制棉花生长,高浓度处理下棉花出苗率和植株生物量均下降;0.5%-2.5%浓度LDPE微塑料使棉花黄萎病病情指数提高54.29%-71.67%,但土壤中黄萎病菌数量并未显著增加,说明病害加重并非病原菌增多,而是微塑料破坏土壤微生态平衡。研究揭示'地膜微塑料—土壤养分紊乱—根际微生物失衡—棉花黄萎病加重'的完整链条,建议在新疆、黄河流域等主产棉区将残膜减量回收、微塑料污染治理和根际微生态修复纳入综合防控体系。",null,"长期以来，地膜覆盖为棉花稳产增产发挥了重要作用，但残膜不断破碎形成的微塑料会不会影响棉花健康，一直缺乏明确答案。近日，河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所国家棉花产业技术体系棉花病害防控岗位科研团队揭示了地膜微塑料加重棉花黄萎病发生的作用机制，为棉田残膜治理、土壤微生态修复和黄萎病综合防控提供了新的科学依据。相关成果发表于《Environmental Microbiome》。\n\n棉花黄萎病是危害棉花生产的重要土传病害。研究团队针对长期地膜覆盖条件下微塑料对棉田生态的影响开展系统研究，通过设置不同浓度低密度聚乙烯（LDPE）微塑料处理，分析棉花生长、土壤养分以及根际微生物变化情况。\n\n研究发现，地膜微塑料会抑制棉花生长，高浓度处理下，棉花出苗率和植株生物量均有所下降。更重要的是，研究首次证实，微塑料虽然没有显著增加土壤中黄萎病菌数量，但0.5%~2.5%浓度LDPE微塑料却会使棉花黄萎病病情指数提高54.29%~71.67%，说明病害加重并非病原菌增多，而是微塑料破坏了土壤微生态平衡。\n\n进一步研究表明，微塑料会改变土壤养分水平，干扰氮、硫等元素循环，并重塑棉花根际微生物群落结构。其中，真菌群落结构与功能紊乱是导致黄萎病加重的重要原因，细菌群落变化则主要与土壤养分失衡相关。研究揭示了“地膜微塑料—土壤养分紊乱—根际微生物失衡—棉花黄萎病加重”的完整链条，也解释了生产上长期存在的“土壤病菌基数不高，但病害逐年加重”现象。\n\n研究团队建议，在新疆、黄河流域等主产棉区，应将残膜减量回收、微塑料污染治理和根际微生态修复纳入棉花病害综合防控体系，通过改善土壤生态环境，从源头降低土传病害发生风险，促进棉花产业绿色高质量发展。","农民日报 2026-08-10","2026-08-10T09:00:00Z","报道",10,true,88,{"impact":17,"substance":18,"depth":19,"authority":20,"freshness":21,"relevant":22,"comment":23},25,24,18,13,8,1,"科研新发现，揭示地膜微塑料加重棉花黄萎病机制，对棉田治理有重要指导意义，信息增量大，权威性高。",[25],{"name":10,"url":6},[27,28,29,30,31],"植保所","河北省农科院","地膜微塑料","棉花黄萎病","土壤微生态",{"code":33,"slug":34,"name":35,"path":36,"parent_code":37},"A6","cash-crops","棉麻糖与特色经作","\u002Ftopic\u002Ffield-crops\u002Fcash-crops","A",[39,45],{"code":40,"slug":41,"name":42,"path":43,"parent_code":44},"F4","crop-protection","农药与绿色防控","\u002Ftopic\u002Finputs-equipment\u002Fcrop-protection","F",{"code":46,"slug":47,"name":48,"path":49,"parent_code":50},"H2","soil","土壤健康与改良","\u002Ftopic\u002Fenvironment\u002Fsoil","H",{"status":52,"locked":53,"version":54,"method":55,"evidence":56},"classified",false,"2026-10-22.2","rules",{"candidates":57,"agricultural_evidence":14},[58,65,71,76],{"code":46,"score":59,"supported":14,"title":60,"abstract":62,"tags":64},14,[61],"根际",[63,61],"土壤",[],{"code":33,"score":66,"supported":14,"title":67,"abstract":69,"tags":70},12,[68],"棉花",[68],[30],{"code":40,"score":21,"supported":14,"title":72,"abstract":74,"tags":75},[73],"植保",[],[],{"code":77,"score":78,"supported":14,"title":79,"abstract":80,"tags":82},"A4",3,[],[81],"花生",[],[84,85],"河北省农科院 土壤微生态 地膜微塑料 棉花黄萎病","河北省农科院 土壤微生态","河北省农科院土壤微生态地膜微塑料棉花黄萎病-411",9,"2026-08-11T23:57:01.901771Z",{"total":90,"page":22,"page_size":90,"items":91},6,[92,142,233,275,315,452],{"id":93,"title":94,"url":95,"summary":96,"summary_zh":8,"content":97,"source_name":98,"source_url":8,"published_at":99,"category":12,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":14,"score":100,"score_detail":101,"sources":107,"tags":109,"primary_topic":115,"secondary_topics":116,"classification":118,"search_phrases":136,"slug":139,"view_count":140,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":141},857,"中国农科院植保所联合西部中心等发布棉花黄萎病新型病圃:全球最大48亩16隔离区,首次明确8种致病型其中4种侵染棉花","https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fmtxw\u002Fa4f6ba290a7b453aa6bedba59a290a67.htm","中国农科院植物保护研究所联合西部农业研究中心、辽宁省农科院经济作物研究所、石河子大学、新疆农科院植保所等多家单位,在新疆昌吉向科研院所高校、新疆自治区和新疆兵团农技推广系统及棉花育种企业等展示精准靶向黄萎病菌致病型新型病圃构建及棉花品种抗性鉴定与应用解决新方案。科研团队完成全国11000余株黄萎病菌系统收集鉴定,结合3624株大规模群体基因组学测序与遗传进化研究,首次明确黄萎病菌分化为8种致病型、侵染棉花的主要有4种;病圃2023年开始建设、总面积48亩、分16个隔离区,经三年连续播菌建成精准靶向各种致病型的新型病圃,是全球迄今面积最大、覆盖致病型最全的人工黄萎病病圃,已被纳入农业农村部主推技术。","近日，中国农业科学院植物保护研究所联合中国农业科学院西部农业研究中心在新疆昌吉向科研院所高校、新疆自治区和新疆兵团农技推广系统及棉花育种企业等单位展示了精准靶向黄萎病菌致病型新型病圃构建及棉花品种抗性鉴定与应用解决新方案。\n\n科研团队通过全国农作物黄萎病菌菌种（11000余株）系统收集与鉴定，结合大规模群体基因组学测序（3624株）与遗传进化研究，首次明确了黄萎病菌分化为8种致病型，其中侵染棉花的主要有4种。\n\n根据黄萎病菌致病型组成特征，科研团队提出了精准靶向黄萎病菌致病型病圃构建思路，并与中国农业科学院西部农业研究中心、辽宁农业科学院经济作物研究所、石河子大学、新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院植物保护研究所等国内多家科研院所和高校在老龙河试验站联合共建新型棉花黄萎病人工病圃。病圃于2023年开始建设，总面积达到48亩，分为16个隔离区，选取各致病型代表性菌株进行规模化扩繁并分别播入隔离区，历经三年连续播菌最终建成精准靶向黄萎病菌各种致病型的新型病圃。\n\n据科研团队介绍，该病圃是全世界迄今为止面积最大、覆盖致病型最全的人工黄萎病病圃，利用该病圃可以获得棉花对各种黄萎病菌致病型的抗性谱，具有广阔的应用前景。应用于抗性品种布局，可以根据各地田间黄萎病菌致病型检测结果，选择种植相应抗性的品种，解决品种田间抗性不稳的产业难题；解析棉花对不同致病型的抗性机制并挖掘抗病基因，应用于棉花抗黄萎病遗传改良；对抗不同致病型的棉花品种进行杂交选育，聚合选育抗多种致病型的品种；利用病圃黄萎病发病稳定的特征，应用于防控产品防效验证和评价；不同品种在病圃对不同致病型的病症差异显著，可用于棉花黄萎病无人机高光谱等早期监测预警技术研发与应用。同时，也将为其他作物黄萎病抗性特征鉴定、优异基因挖掘与遗传改良及早期监测预警提供平台支撑。\n\n据悉，该技术已被纳入农业农村部主推技术并依托项目“新疆棉花病虫害演替规律与全程绿色防控技术体系集成示范”在新疆棉区推广，为有效控制棉花黄萎病提供了有力技术支撑。","中国农业科学院 科技日报 2026年8月","2026-08-19T00:00:00Z",95,{"impact":102,"substance":17,"depth":103,"authority":104,"freshness":105,"relevant":22,"comment":106},28,20,15,7,"全球最大棉花黄萎病病圃建成，首次明确致病型，对棉花抗病育种和植保防控具有重大突破意义，信息详实，权威性高。",[108],{"name":98,"url":95},[30,110,111,112,113,114],"新疆昌吉","中国农科院植保所","新型病圃","致病型鉴定","农业农村部主推技术",{"code":33,"slug":34,"name":35,"path":36,"parent_code":37},[117],{"code":40,"slug":41,"name":42,"path":43,"parent_code":44},{"status":52,"locked":53,"version":54,"method":55,"evidence":119},{"candidates":120,"agricultural_evidence":14},[121,125,130],{"code":33,"score":66,"supported":14,"title":122,"abstract":123,"tags":124},[68],[68],[30],{"code":40,"score":126,"supported":14,"title":127,"abstract":128,"tags":129},11,[73],[73],[],{"code":131,"score":78,"supported":14,"title":132,"abstract":133,"tags":135},"G1",[],[134],"农技推广",[],[137,138],"农业农村部主推技术 中国农科院植保所 棉花黄萎病 致病型鉴定","农业农村部主推技术 中国农科院植保所","农业农村部主推技术中国农科院植保所棉花黄萎病致病型鉴定-857",5,"2026-08-23T00:08:11.913294Z",{"id":143,"title":144,"url":145,"summary":146,"summary_zh":147,"content":8,"source_name":148,"source_url":145,"published_at":149,"category":150,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":53,"score":151,"score_detail":152,"sources":155,"tags":157,"primary_topic":163,"secondary_topics":164,"classification":166,"search_phrases":195,"slug":198,"view_count":199,"doi":200,"paper":201,"created_at":232},4797,"Beyond single-element toxicity: chromium-salinity interactions, food-chain transfer and mitigation in sugarcane agroecosystems","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3389\u002Ffsufs.2026.1942892","Chromium contamination in sugarcane soils is often combined with co-metals and salinity caused by tannery effluent, electroplating effluent, paper mill wastewater, vinasse fertigation and filter cake. Hence, single element toxicity assessment does not provide realistic assessment of its exposure. The present review summarizes research on chromium behaviour along the soil, root, stalk and cane juice in sugarcane. Cr mobility depends on soil pH and redox potential (Eh), while salinity adds an additional control through ionic strength and chloride complexation. Sequential extraction and speciation analysis prove that bioavailable fraction is more important for plant toxicity than total Cr concentration. Cr(VI) enters roots via sulphate and phosphate transporters via mimicking oxyanions and this mechanism differs from that of other metal ions that use ion channels, a route that salt-induced PHT1 expression could plausibly modulate, although this has not been tested in sugarcane. In proxy species, combined Cr and salinity exposure raises reactive oxygen species production and membrane damage beyond the level induced by either stress alone, whereas in sugarcane the downregulation of PEP carboxylase, pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase and photosystem proteins has so far been documented only under salinity applied by itself. Whether the two stresses interact on C4 carbon assimilation in cane remains untested. Root-to-stalk transfer of Cr is low at most sites examined, but not at all of them, and measurable Cr reaches cane juice at concentrations that have driven hazard quotients above unity in two of the four field studies assessed. Bagasse biochar, biochar with nZVI, halotolerant Cr-reducing microorganisms and water management based on redox reactions all reduce Cr bioavailability, but field experiments in cane are lacking. Factorial experiments investigating Cr behaviour depending on salinity gradient, juice level speciation and field trials in ratoons are required.","甘蔗土壤中的铬污染通常与制革废水、电镀废水、造纸厂废水、酒糟灌溉和滤泥带入的伴生金属及盐分复合存在。因此，单一元素毒性评估无法对其暴露状况作出符合实际的评价。本文综述了铬在甘蔗土壤、根系、茎秆及蔗汁中行为的研究进展。铬的迁移性取决于土壤pH和氧化还原电位（Eh），而盐分通过离子强度和氯络合作用对其施加额外调控。连续提取和形态分析表明，生物有效态组分对植物毒性的意义大于总铬浓度。Cr(VI)通过模拟含氧阴离子经硫酸盐和磷酸盐转运蛋白进入根系，这一机制不同于其他利用离子通道的金属离子，而盐诱导的PHT1表达可能调控该途径，但尚未在甘蔗中验证。在替代物种中，铬与盐分复合暴露引起的活性氧产生和膜损伤超过单一胁迫诱导的水平，而在甘蔗中，磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶、丙酮酸磷酸双激酶和光系统蛋白的下调目前仅在单独盐胁迫下得到证实。两种胁迫是否在甘蔗C4碳同化过程中发生交互作用仍未经检验。在多数已考察的位点，铬从根系向茎秆的转移量较低，但并非所有位点均如此；在所评估的四项田间研究中，有两项显示可检测到的铬到达蔗汁，其浓度已使危害商数超过1。蔗渣生物炭、负载纳米零价铁（nZVI）的生物炭、耐盐铬还原微生物以及基于氧化还原反应的水分管理均可降低铬的生物有效性，但甘蔗田间试验尚属缺乏。有必要开展考察铬行为随盐度梯度变化的析因实验、蔗汁水平上的形态分析以及宿根蔗田间试验。","Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems","2026-10-12T00:00:00Z","论文",74,{"impact":66,"substance":153,"depth":19,"authority":20,"freshness":87,"relevant":22,"comment":154},22,"综述系统梳理铬-盐交互、食物链迁移与阻控手段，指出甘蔗田间试验空白，对污染蔗区安全利用有参考价值，但属机理综述、非产业级突破。",[156],{"name":148,"url":145},[158,159,160,161,162],"甘蔗","食品安全","盐渍化","土壤重金属","生物炭修复",{"code":33,"slug":34,"name":35,"path":36,"parent_code":37},[165],{"code":46,"slug":47,"name":48,"path":49,"parent_code":50},{"status":52,"locked":53,"version":54,"method":55,"evidence":167},{"candidates":168,"agricultural_evidence":14},[169,174,178,184,190],{"code":33,"score":104,"supported":14,"title":170,"abstract":172,"tags":173},[171],"sugarcane",[158,171],[158],{"code":46,"score":21,"supported":14,"title":175,"abstract":176,"tags":177},[],[63,47],[161,160],{"code":179,"score":78,"supported":14,"title":180,"abstract":181,"tags":183},"F3",[],[182],"fertigation",[],{"code":185,"score":78,"supported":14,"title":186,"abstract":187,"tags":189},"H3",[],[188],"灌溉",[],{"code":191,"score":22,"supported":53,"title":192,"abstract":193,"tags":194},"E4",[],[],[159],[196,197],"甘蔗 铬污染 盐渍化","甘蔗汁 风险","甘蔗铬污染盐渍化-4797",0,"10.3389\u002Ffsufs.2026.1942892",{"doi":200,"openalex_id":202,"authors":203,"venue":148,"cited_by_count":199,"oa_url":145,"card":225,"direction":229,"ingested_from":231},"W7221577366",[204,207,209,211,213,215,217,219,221,223],{"name":205,"orcid":206},"Gowtham Sornam","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0009-0009-1150-1568",{"name":208,"orcid":8},"Sugumaran Melkumaramangalam Palani",{"name":210,"orcid":8},"Parameswari Ettiyagounder",{"name":212,"orcid":8},"Kalaiselvi Thangavel",{"name":214,"orcid":8},"Saravanan Naaganoor Ananthan",{"name":216,"orcid":8},"Elayarajan Maharajan",{"name":218,"orcid":8},"Selva Kumar Manikkam",{"name":220,"orcid":8},"Sassikumar Datchinamoorthy",{"name":222,"orcid":8},"Sinduja Murugaiyan",{"name":224,"orcid":8},"Priyatharsini Sengottaiyan",{"tldr":226,"method":227,"finding":228,"direction":229,"opportunity":230},"综述甘蔗农业生态系统中铬与盐分交互作用、食物链传递及缓解措施，指出单元素毒性评估不足。","综述土壤-根-茎-汁中铬形态、转运与缓解技术，结合顺序提取与形态分析。","铬与盐分交互对C4碳同化影响未测，蔗汁铬危害商在部分田间研究中超1，缓解技术缺乏田间验证。","农业绿色发展与碳","可开展盐度梯度下铬形态与C4光合交互的因子实验，并验证生物炭等缓解措施的田间效果。","openalex","2026-10-13T23:30:07.200287Z",{"id":234,"title":235,"url":236,"summary":237,"summary_zh":8,"content":8,"source_name":238,"source_url":8,"published_at":239,"category":12,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":53,"score":240,"score_detail":241,"sources":243,"tags":245,"primary_topic":251,"secondary_topics":252,"classification":254,"search_phrases":270,"slug":273,"view_count":78,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":274},2842,"中国农科院烟草所双金属人工水解酶开辟细菌性病害绿色防控新路径登Angewandte Chemie","https:\u002F\u002Fnews.qq.com\u002Frain\u002Fa\u002F20260917A03VJ100","近日,中国农业科学院烟草研究所烟草病虫害绿色防控创新团队成功研发一种新型双金属人工水解酶,可高效降解细菌生物膜并杀灭病原菌。团队将高活性铈引入金属有机框架,构建双金属人工水解酶,阐明其区别于天然酶的独特催化路径。该酶具有良好的生物安全性与环境稳定性,可精准切断细菌生物膜多糖骨架的化学键,瓦解细菌防护膜,清除率超80%,杀菌率超85%。该成果首次将人工水解酶应用于细菌生物膜靶向清除,为农作物绿色防控开辟新路径。","腾讯新闻 \u002F 中国农业科学院烟草研究所","2026-09-17T00:00:00Z",86,{"impact":153,"substance":153,"depth":19,"authority":59,"freshness":13,"relevant":22,"comment":242},"国家级科研机构在核心期刊发表的双金属人工水解酶成果，首次实现细菌生物膜靶向清除，数据扎实、时效性强，具备进入每日精选的价值。",[244],{"name":238,"url":236},[246,247,248,249,250],"绿色防控","农业科技","人工酶","烟草","生物膜",{"code":33,"slug":34,"name":35,"path":36,"parent_code":37},[253],{"code":40,"slug":41,"name":42,"path":43,"parent_code":44},{"status":52,"locked":53,"version":54,"method":55,"evidence":255},{"candidates":256,"agricultural_evidence":14},[257,261,265],{"code":33,"score":66,"supported":14,"title":258,"abstract":259,"tags":260},[249],[249],[249],{"code":40,"score":66,"supported":14,"title":262,"abstract":263,"tags":264},[246],[246],[246],{"code":266,"score":22,"supported":53,"title":267,"abstract":268,"tags":269},"H8",[],[],[246],[271,272],"农业科技 绿色防控 人工酶 生物膜","农业科技 绿色防控","农业科技绿色防控人工酶生物膜-2842","2026-09-18T00:03:28.675103Z",{"id":276,"title":277,"url":278,"summary":279,"summary_zh":8,"content":280,"source_name":281,"source_url":8,"published_at":282,"category":12,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":53,"score":283,"score_detail":284,"sources":286,"tags":288,"primary_topic":291,"secondary_topics":292,"classification":294,"search_phrases":309,"slug":312,"view_count":313,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":314},1556,"中国农业科学院烟草所：双金属人工酶开辟细菌性病害绿色防控新路径（Angewandte Chemie）","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fkyhd\u002F59452b198605475b991f2f29d9ea6f61.htm","近日，中国农业科学院烟草研究所烟草病虫害绿色防控创新团队成功研发一种新型双金属人工水解酶，可高效降解细菌生物膜并杀灭病原菌。该酶将高活性铈引入金属有机框架，具有良好的生物安全性与环境稳定性，清除率超 80%、杀菌率超 85%。该成果突破传统杀菌剂依赖，首次将人工水解酶应用于细菌生物膜靶向清除，打破了细菌性病害缺乏特效药的产业困境，为农作物绿色防控开辟新路径。相关成果发表在《德国应用化学》（Angewandte Chemie International Edition）上。","[English](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fen)[邮箱](https:\u002F\u002Fmail.caas.cn\u002F)[数字农科院](https:\u002F\u002Fi.caas.cn\u002F)[](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fcms\u002Fweb\u002Fsearch\u002Findex.jsp?siteID=cdb01dceb46e48488945d4465e90f221&aba=)\n\n官方微信 \n\n![Image 2](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fimages\u002F2023-01\u002F020ac4d3d8b6451782a8702c72604336.jpg)农科专家在线微信公众号\n\n![Image 3](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fimages\u002F2023-01\u002Fbf6579e4651e437db31a22cd2249b319.jpg)中国农科院微信公众号\n\n[![Image 4](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fstatic2022\u002Fimages\u002Fmenu_logo.png)](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Findex.htm)\n\n*   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Edition）》上。\n\n细菌生物膜是病原菌通过群体感应分泌形成的“保护壳”，其主要骨架由糖类物质交织而成，可显著削弱药剂渗透与免疫清除，导致田间防治效果大幅降低，是病害反复暴发的核心诱因。\n\n针对制约农业细菌性病害防治的技术瓶颈，研究团队将高活性铈引入金属有机框架，构建双金属人工水解酶，并阐明其区别于天然酶的独特催化路径。该酶具有良好的生物安全性与环境稳定性，可精准切断细菌生物膜多糖骨架的化学键，瓦解细菌防护膜，清除率超80%，杀菌率超85%。该成果突破传统杀菌剂依赖，首次将人工水解酶应用于细菌生物膜靶向清除，打破了细菌性病害缺乏特效药的产业困境，为农作物绿色防控开辟新路径。\n\n该研究得到国家自然科学基金和山东省自然科学基金等项目支持。（通讯员 李晓娟）\n\n论文链接：https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1002\u002Fanie.9481237\n\n![Image 8: 001.png](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fimages\u002F2026-09\u002Fe45c5f97ad2e4c81847a32cfe5fd39bc.png)\n\n打印本页\n\n关闭本页\n\n[院网信息发布与管理](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fywxxfbygl\u002Findex.htm)[最新动态](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fywxxfbygl\u002Findex.htm)\n\n*   [第7期“农科讲坛”举办 以农业农村现代化推动实现中国式现代化](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fnkyw\u002F1c78565c9c5648c5b6f3e70d035deb07.htm)2026-08-31  \n*   [西梅浆加工色泽劣变规律被揭示](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fkyhd\u002F958676b943cb4e229d3f617ba4f35e75.htm)2026-08-31  \n*   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京公网安备11010802048565号](http:\u002F\u002Fwww.beian.gov.cn\u002Fportal\u002FregisterSystemInfo?recordcode=11010802048565)","中国农业科学院·科研进展","2026-09-03T00:00:00Z",83,{"impact":103,"substance":153,"depth":19,"authority":104,"freshness":21,"relevant":22,"comment":285},"中国农科院烟草所开发双金属人工酶，为细菌性病害绿色防控提供新路径，发表于Angewandte Chemie，具有较高科研价值和行业影响。",[287],{"name":281,"url":278},[246,248,289,249,290],"细菌病害","生物防治",{"code":33,"slug":34,"name":35,"path":36,"parent_code":37},[293],{"code":40,"slug":41,"name":42,"path":43,"parent_code":44},{"status":52,"locked":53,"version":54,"method":55,"evidence":295},{"candidates":296,"agricultural_evidence":14},[297,301,305],{"code":40,"score":20,"supported":14,"title":298,"abstract":299,"tags":300},[246],[246],[290,246],{"code":33,"score":66,"supported":14,"title":302,"abstract":303,"tags":304},[249],[249],[249],{"code":266,"score":22,"supported":53,"title":306,"abstract":307,"tags":308},[],[],[246],[310,311],"生物防治 细菌病害 绿色防控 人工酶","生物防治 细菌病害","生物防治细菌病害绿色防控人工酶-1556",4,"2026-09-04T00:05:31.812843Z",{"id":316,"title":317,"url":318,"summary":319,"summary_zh":320,"content":8,"source_name":321,"source_url":318,"published_at":322,"category":150,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":53,"score":323,"score_detail":324,"sources":328,"tags":330,"primary_topic":335,"secondary_topics":336,"classification":344,"search_phrases":403,"slug":406,"view_count":22,"doi":407,"paper":408,"created_at":451},1442,"Morphological, Taxonomic and Soil Suitability Evaluation for Sustainable Crop Production Using GIS and Remote Sensing in Gudvella Block, Balangir District, Odisha State, India","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.56557\u002Fjoban\u002F2026\u002Fv18i211054","A comprehensive soil-landscape assessment was undertaken to characterise the morphological, physicochemical and taxonomic properties of soils and to evaluate their suitability for major crops using a GIS-based approach. The study area exhibited considerable physiographic heterogeneity, comprising upper and lower pedi-plains, depressions, hillside slopes, foothill slopes, hillocks and stream-bank positions. Twenty-five representative pedons were examined for morphological and physicochemical characteristics and classified according to Soil Taxonomy. Soil depth varied from 14 to 125 cm, while textures ranged from loamy-skeletal to fine. Soil reaction ranged from strongly acidic to slightly alkaline (pH 4.97-7.85), whereas electrical conductivity (0.01-0.08 dS m-1) and exchangeable sodium percentage (0.56-8.35%) indicated negligible salinity and sodicity constraints. Organic carbon was generally low (0.05-0.50%), while CEC (3.85-37.69 cmol(p⁺) kg-1) and base saturation (21.04-72.90%) varied substantially among pedons. The soils were classified mainly as Entisols, Inceptisols and Alfisols, with Aquic, Lithic, Vertic and related intergrades reflecting contrasting soil-forming environments. Crop suitability assessment revealed marked differences among land-use types. Paddy had 68.3% of the area within the S1-S3 classes, whereas maize, potato and sugarcane each occupied approximately 86% within S2-S3. Cotton, mustard and sunflower were predominantly marginally suitable, with substantial areas classified as N1. Approximately 4% of the area was permanently unsuitable (N2). The results demonstrate that soil suitability is controlled by the interaction of soil properties and landscape processes. The integration of soil survey, taxonomy and GIS-based suitability evaluation provides a robust basis for crop-specific land-use planning, soil and water conservation and sustainable agricultural intensification.","为表征土壤的形态学、物理化学及分类学特性，并采用基于GIS的方法评估其对主要作物的适宜性，开展了一项综合的土壤-景观评估。研究区域表现出显著的地貌异质性，包括上、下麓原、洼地、山坡、山麓坡、丘陵及河岸带。对25个代表性土壤剖面进行了形态学和物理化学特性分析，并根据土壤系统分类法进行分类。土壤深度变化范围为14至125厘米，质地从壤质砾石到细质不等。土壤反应范围从强酸性到微碱性（pH 4.97-7.85），而电导率（0.01-0.08 dS m⁻¹）和交换性钠百分比（0.56-8.35%）表明盐分和钠质限制可忽略不计。有机碳普遍较低（0.05-0.50%），而阳离子交换量（3.85-37.69 cmol(p⁺) kg⁻¹）和盐基饱和度（21.04-72.90%）在各剖面间差异显著。土壤主要归类为新成土、始成土和淋溶土，其中包含潮湿润、石质、变性及相关的过渡类型，反映了不同的成土环境。作物适宜性评估揭示了不同土地利用类型间的显著差异。水稻有68.3%的面积属于S1-S3等级，而玉米、马铃薯和甘蔗在S2-S3等级中各占约86%。棉花、芥菜和向日葵主要为边缘适宜，有相当面积的区域被归类为N1。约4%的区域为永久不适宜（N2）。结果表明，土壤适宜性受土壤性质与景观过程相互作用的控制。土壤调查、分类学与基于GIS的适宜性评价的整合，为特定作物的土地利用规划、水土保持及可持续农业集约化提供了坚实基础。","Journal of biology and nature","2026-09-01T00:00:00Z",52,{"impact":21,"substance":19,"depth":325,"authority":21,"freshness":326,"relevant":22,"comment":327},16,2,"区域土壤适宜性评价研究，数据详实，但影响范围有限，时效性较低。",[329],{"name":321,"url":318},[331,332,333,334],"农业遥感","土壤调查","作物适宜性","GIS",{"code":46,"slug":47,"name":48,"path":49,"parent_code":50},[337,343],{"code":338,"slug":339,"name":340,"path":341,"parent_code":342},"I4","gis","GIS与空间分析","\u002Ftopic\u002Fdigital-agriculture\u002Fgis","I",{"code":33,"slug":34,"name":35,"path":36,"parent_code":37},{"status":52,"locked":53,"version":54,"method":55,"evidence":345},{"candidates":346,"agricultural_evidence":14},[347,351,355,360,366,373,380,387,392,398],{"code":46,"score":59,"supported":14,"title":348,"abstract":349,"tags":350},[47],[63,47],[],{"code":338,"score":66,"supported":14,"title":352,"abstract":353,"tags":354},[334],[334],[334],{"code":33,"score":87,"supported":14,"title":356,"abstract":357,"tags":359},[],[68,158,358,171],"cotton",[],{"code":361,"score":87,"supported":14,"title":362,"abstract":364,"tags":365},"I3",[363],"remote sensing",[],[331],{"code":367,"score":90,"supported":14,"title":368,"abstract":369,"tags":372},"A1",[],[370,371],"水稻","paddy",[],{"code":374,"score":90,"supported":14,"title":375,"abstract":376,"tags":379},"A3",[],[377,378],"玉米","maize",[],{"code":381,"score":90,"supported":14,"title":382,"abstract":383,"tags":386},"A5",[],[384,385],"马铃薯","potato",[],{"code":77,"score":78,"supported":14,"title":388,"abstract":389,"tags":391},[],[390],"向日葵",[],{"code":393,"score":78,"supported":14,"title":394,"abstract":395,"tags":397},"H6",[],[396],"水土保持",[],{"code":266,"score":78,"supported":14,"title":399,"abstract":400,"tags":402},[],[401],"可持续农业",[],[404,405],"作物适宜性 农业遥感 土壤调查 GIS","作物适宜性 农业遥感","作物适宜性农业遥感土壤调查GIS-1442","10.56557\u002Fjoban\u002F2026\u002Fv18i211054",{"doi":407,"openalex_id":409,"authors":410,"venue":321,"cited_by_count":199,"oa_url":318,"card":445,"direction":449,"ingested_from":231},"W7204891281",[411,413,415,418,420,423,425,427,429,431,433,435,437,439,441,443],{"name":412,"orcid":8},"D. N. Roy",{"name":414,"orcid":8},"Shaikh Mohitpasha",{"name":416,"orcid":417},"Saumen Saha","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0003-2768-883X",{"name":419,"orcid":8},"D. C. Sarkar",{"name":421,"orcid":422},"M. K. Singh","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0003-0118-3614",{"name":424,"orcid":8},"Sumit Raizada",{"name":426,"orcid":8},"Ravi Gautam",{"name":428,"orcid":8},"Monika",{"name":430,"orcid":8},"Indra Bahadur",{"name":432,"orcid":8},"R.T. Bankar",{"name":434,"orcid":8},"R. K. Setia",{"name":436,"orcid":8},"R. L. Meena",{"name":438,"orcid":8},"N. S. Gahlod",{"name":440,"orcid":8},"Y. Suresh Kumar",{"name":442,"orcid":8},"Kumar Rajeev",{"name":444,"orcid":8},"S. K. Tripathi",{"tldr":446,"method":447,"finding":448,"direction":449,"opportunity":450},"利用GIS和遥感评估印度某地块土壤特性及作物适宜性，为可持续生产提供规划依据。","土壤调查、形态理化分析、土壤分类及GIS适宜性评价。","水稻适宜性高，棉花等边际适宜，约4%永久不宜，需针对性规划。","农业遥感与作物表型","可结合高分辨率遥感与机器学习，动态监测土壤属性并预测作物适宜性，提升区域精准农业决策。","2026-09-02T23:30:53.627384Z",{"id":453,"title":454,"url":455,"summary":456,"summary_zh":457,"content":8,"source_name":458,"source_url":455,"published_at":459,"category":150,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":53,"score":460,"score_detail":461,"sources":463,"tags":465,"primary_topic":470,"secondary_topics":471,"classification":478,"search_phrases":529,"slug":532,"view_count":78,"doi":533,"paper":534,"created_at":573},1325,"Changing pest dynamics and pesticide use in cotton: Challenges and sustainable management","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.14719\u002Fpst.16195","Cotton (Gossypium spp.) is one of the world’s most important fibre crops, yet its sustainability is increasingly challenged by evolving pest complexes, intensified pesticide use, climate change and climate variability. The evidence indicates current knowledge on pest dynamics, pesticide dependence and ecological interactions in cotton agroecosystems, highlighting the shift from bollworm-dominated pest complexes to the increasing prevalence of secondary pests following the widespread adoption of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cotton. Although Bt (Cry toxin)-based transgenic cotton technology initially reduced insecticide use against the bollworm complex, primarily lepidopteran species, the emergence of resistance among bollworms and the upsurge of certain sucking pests in recent decades have reinstated insecticide dependence for pest management. This has led to ecological imbalance, non-target toxicity, the decline of pollinator populations and natural enemy communities, biodiversity loss, environmental contamination, accumulation of residues in products and yield challenges, in addition to increased production costs. The review emphasises the critical role of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies that integrate biological control, habitat diversification, resistant cultivars and threshold-based pesticide applications to restore ecological stability. Alternative approaches such as botanical pesticides, nanoformulations and plant volatile-mediated pest regulation are highlighted as promising tools for sustainable pest control. Advances in precision agriculture, including artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based pesticide delivery systems, have the potential to improve pest surveillance and reduce chemical inputs. Supply-chain procurement, certification, traceability and consumer demand can encourage lower-pesticide production, although these mechanisms require fair price incentives to avoid transferring compliance costs to smallholders. Sustainable cotton therefore requires region-specific, climate-resilient, evidence-based IPM supported by extension, market incentives, resistance monitoring and coordinated policy.","棉花（Gossypium spp.）是全球最重要的纤维作物之一，然而其可持续性正日益受到害虫群落演变、农药使用强度增加、气候变化及气候变率等因素的挑战。现有证据表明，当前对棉花农业生态系统中害虫动态、农药依赖及生态互作的认识，凸显了自苏云金芽孢杆菌（Bacillus thuringiensis, Bt）棉花广泛推广以来，害虫群落从以棉铃虫为主向次生害虫日益增多的转变。尽管基于Bt（Cry毒素）的转基因棉花技术最初减少了对棉铃虫复合体（主要为鳞翅目害虫）的杀虫剂使用，但近几十年来棉铃虫抗药性的出现及某些刺吸式害虫的激增，重新导致害虫管理对杀虫剂的依赖。这引发了生态失衡、非靶标毒性、传粉昆虫种群及天敌群落减少、生物多样性丧失、环境污染、产品中残留物积累及产量挑战，同时增加了生产成本。本综述强调了综合害虫管理（IPM）策略的关键作用，该策略整合生物防治、生境多样化、抗性品种及基于阈值的农药施用，以恢复生态稳定性。植物源农药、纳米制剂及植物挥发物介导的害虫调控等替代方法，被强调为可持续害虫防治的有前景工具。精准农业的进展，包括人工智能（AI）、机器学习及基于无人机（UAV）的农药施用系统，有望改善害虫监测并减少化学投入。供应链采购、认证、可追溯性及消费者需求可促进低农药生产，但这些机制需辅以公平价格激励，以避免将合规成本转嫁给小农户。因此，可持续棉花生产需要区域特异性、气候韧性、基于证据的IPM，并辅以推广服务、市场激励、抗性监测及协调政策支持。","Plant Science Today","2026-08-31T00:00:00Z",72,{"impact":19,"substance":153,"depth":19,"authority":66,"freshness":326,"relevant":22,"comment":462},"综述性论文，系统分析棉花害虫动态与农药依赖问题，提出IPM与精准农业等可持续路径，对农业绿色发展有参考价值。",[464],{"name":458,"url":455},[466,467,68,468,469],"智慧农业","农业人工智能","农药减量","病虫害防治",{"code":33,"slug":34,"name":35,"path":36,"parent_code":37},[472,473],{"code":40,"slug":41,"name":42,"path":43,"parent_code":44},{"code":474,"slug":475,"name":476,"path":477,"parent_code":342},"I2","agricultural-ai","农业AI与大模型","\u002Ftopic\u002Fdigital-agriculture\u002Fagricultural-ai",{"status":52,"locked":53,"version":54,"method":55,"evidence":479},{"candidates":480,"agricultural_evidence":14},[481,487,491,498,505,512,519,523],{"code":40,"score":19,"supported":14,"title":482,"abstract":484,"tags":486},[483],"pesticide",[485,290,483],"农药",[468],{"code":33,"score":104,"supported":14,"title":488,"abstract":489,"tags":490},[358],[68,358],[68],{"code":474,"score":13,"supported":14,"title":492,"abstract":493,"tags":497},[],[494,495,496],"机器学习","machine learning","artificial intelligence",[467],{"code":393,"score":87,"supported":14,"title":499,"abstract":500,"tags":504},[],[501,502,503],"生物多样性","农业生态","biodiversity",[],{"code":506,"score":105,"supported":14,"title":507,"abstract":508,"tags":511},"I1",[],[509,510],"精准农业","precision agriculture",[466],{"code":513,"score":90,"supported":14,"title":514,"abstract":515,"tags":518},"H7",[],[516,517],"气候变化","climate change",[],{"code":77,"score":78,"supported":14,"title":520,"abstract":521,"tags":522},[],[81],[],{"code":524,"score":78,"supported":14,"title":525,"abstract":526,"tags":528},"G2",[],[527],"小农户",[],[530,531],"农业人工智能 病虫害防治 农药减量 智慧农业","农业人工智能 病虫害防治","农业人工智能病虫害防治农药减量智慧农业-1325","10.14719\u002Fpst.16195",{"doi":533,"openalex_id":535,"authors":536,"venue":458,"cited_by_count":199,"oa_url":455,"card":567,"direction":572,"ingested_from":231},"W7204806269",[537,540,543,546,549,552,555,558,561,564],{"name":538,"orcid":539},"V Veeragowtham","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0009-0002-9822-4901",{"name":541,"orcid":542},"A. Suganthi","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0001-7013-4459",{"name":544,"orcid":545},"M. Murugan","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-7485-1153",{"name":547,"orcid":548},"P. Renukadevi","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0001-9665-1681",{"name":550,"orcid":551},"S. Vellaikumar","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0001-9277-457X",{"name":553,"orcid":554},"Ali Iqra","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0009-0008-6095-9471",{"name":556,"orcid":557},"J Kousika","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-2455-5268",{"name":559,"orcid":560},"Sheela Venugopal","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-4689-4105",{"name":562,"orcid":563},"Prakash Kolanchi","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0003-1244-199X",{"name":565,"orcid":566},"Murugesh Dharani","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0009-0004-6705-1344",{"tldr":568,"method":569,"finding":570,"direction":229,"opportunity":571},"综述棉花害虫动态与农药使用变化，提出可持续管理策略。","综述文献，分析Bt棉影响、害虫抗性及IPM、精准农业等技术。","Bt棉导致次生害虫上升和抗性，需综合IPM与精准农业减少农药。","可研究AI与无人机在棉花害虫监测与精准施药中的实际应用效果及小农采纳机制。","农业人工智能与决策模型","2026-09-01T23:30:34.470501Z"]