[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"item-4961":3,"related-4961":68},{"id":4,"title":5,"url":6,"summary":7,"summary_zh":8,"content":9,"source_name":10,"source_url":8,"published_at":11,"category":12,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":14,"score":15,"score_detail":16,"sources":24,"tags":26,"primary_topic":32,"secondary_topics":38,"classification":39,"search_phrases":63,"slug":66,"view_count":22,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":67},4961,"四川省农科院植保所'三水'绿色融合样板田丰收在望 天敌控虫显成效","https:\u002F\u002Fcbgc.scol.com.cn\u002Fnews\u002F8052886","10月12日,江油市武都镇阳亭坝稻田翻起金色波浪。四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所研究员姬红丽介绍,基地全生育期几乎不施化学杀菌剂,底气来自多抗性品种。田埂上种甜荞、蔷薇、紫云英、二月兰等蜜源植物,为天敌提供花粉、花蜜和庇护所。基地稻田麦田里的天敌种群数量,达到农户常规自防田块的10倍以上。田埂上还种着一人高的香根草——从泰国引进的'陷阱植物',气味吸引二化螟产卵,幼虫大多低龄死亡。",null,"[![Image 5](https:\u002F\u002Fcbgccdn.thecover.cn\u002F@\u002Fimages\u002F20250922\u002F1758523866060089130.png)](https:\u002F\u002Fcbgc.scol.com.cn\u002Fmediachannel_MQ==Q)[![Image 6](https:\u002F\u002Fcbgccdn.thecover.cn\u002F@\u002Fimages\u002F20251016\u002F1760585508939077059.png)](https:\u002F\u002Fcbgc.scol.com.cn\u002Fmediachannel_NzE2z)[![Image 7](https:\u002F\u002Fcbgccdn.thecover.cn\u002F@\u002Fimages\u002F20250917\u002F1758098174766036254.png)](https:\u002F\u002Fcbgc.scol.com.cn\u002Fmediachannel_NzEwz)[![Image 8](https:\u002F\u002Fcbgccdn.thecover.cn\u002F@\u002Fimages\u002F20250917\u002F1758098174830074273.png)](https:\u002F\u002Fcbgc.scol.com.cn\u002Fmediachannel_NzA5z)[![Image 9](https:\u002F\u002Fcbgccdn.thecover.cn\u002F@\u002Fimages\u002F20250917\u002F1758098174869099498.png)](https:\u002F\u002Fcbgc.scol.com.cn\u002Fmediachannel_NzA4z)[![Image 10](https:\u002F\u002Fcbgccdn.thecover.cn\u002F@\u002Fimages\u002F20250917\u002F1758098174893016987.png)](https:\u002F\u002Fcbgc.scol.com.cn\u002Fmediachannel_NzA3z)[![Image 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Chapters\n\nDescriptions\n\n*   descriptions off, selected\n\nSubtitles\n\n*   subtitles settings, opens subtitles settings dialog\n*   subtitles off, selected\n\nAudio Track\n\nPicture-in-Picture Fullscreen\n\nThis is a modal window.\n\nThe media could not be loaded, either because the server or network failed or because the format is not supported.\n\nBeginning of dialog window. Escape will cancel and close the window.\n\nText Color Transparency Background Color Transparency Window Color Transparency \n\nFont Size Text Edge Style Font Family\n\nReset restore all settings to the default values Done\n\nClose Modal Dialog\nEnd of dialog window.\n\n含AI生成内容\n\n  \n\n川观新闻记者 张彧希 四川农村日报记者 徐灿红 洪瑜\n\n10月12日，江油市武都镇阳亭坝，秋风掠过，稻田翻起金色波浪。\n\n四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所研究员姬红丽蹲在田埂上，拔起一株水稻查看叶背——干干净净，没有病斑。“亩产干谷不会低于1300斤。”再过一两天，这里就要开镰。\n\n这片稻田不普通。自2013年起，省农科院植保所在此实施“农田有害生物综合治理课题”，持续10余年。曾经抛荒的土地，如今稻穗丰盈、游鱼戏水、白鹭翩跹，成为国内率先实现水稻、水产、水禽“三水”绿色融合的样板田。\n\n曾经令人头痛的有害生物，是如何被“赶出”这片田的？\n\n![Image 27](https:\u002F\u002Fcbgccdn.thecover.cn\u002FuwwTanqEkCCMjwacLwG1791887100031.jpg-cgwapimg.jpg)\n\n俯瞰基地。\n\n**第一招：良种打底，病害止步田外**\n\n“三水”融合，第一关是选品种。“不光看产量和米质，更看重抗病性。”姬红丽说。西南稻区主要病害有稻瘟病、纹枯病、稻曲病，农户常规靠打药防病，但基地全生育期几乎不施化学杀菌剂，底气来自多抗性品种。\n\n连续十多年，团队每年从市场主流品种中筛选多抗性优异品种，在江油基地展示。“江油气候利于多种病害发生，对品种抗性要求更高，也更容易筛出好品种。”姬红丽说。\n\n今年基地集中示范川康优2115、品香优607等优质水稻，在稻瘟、稻曲等病害抗性上表现优异。品种自身抗性强，病害起不来，化学农药自然省了。\n\n品种抗性究竟如何？种子企业也很关心。四川金色绿丹种业有限公司川北区域经理陈胜龙沿试验田看了几遍：“没找到稻瘟病、稻曲病症状，叶片干净，秆壮穗大，产量很乐观。”\n\n**第二招：田埂布阵，天敌与“陷阱”控虫**\n\n![Image 28](https:\u002F\u002Fcbgccdn.thecover.cn\u002FwfEvzrWwWnnzrMaWkUD1791887100070.jpg-cgwapimg.jpg)\n\n田埂上种的甜荞。\n\n病害靠品种扛，虫害靠天敌控。不足半米宽的田埂，像一座迷你花园：甜荞开白花，蔷薇正艳，菜粉蝶、蜜蜂穿梭其间。\n\n![Image 29](https:\u002F\u002Fcbgccdn.thecover.cn\u002FSktKeYctmZopaRpZjXJ1791887099994.jpg-cgwapimg.jpg)\n\n田埂上种的蔷薇。\n\n“这些都是蜜源植物，是精心选的‘生态卫士’。”姬红丽说。稻麦轮作茬口期，田里没有庄稼，自然天敌没处安身，蜜源植物便补上空当，提供花粉、花蜜和庇护所。\n\n目前田埂还种了紫云英、二月兰，基地稻田麦田里的天敌种群数量，达到农户常规自防田块的10倍以上，全是自然天敌，没有人工投放。\n\n记者发现，田埂上还种着一人高的香根草。姬红丽介绍，这是从泰国引进的“陷阱植物”：气味吸引二化螟产卵，但含有毒活性物质，不适合幼虫发育，孵化幼虫大多低龄死亡，无法发育为成虫。一代代下来，基地二化螟数量越来越低。\n\n效果有数据支撑：水稻螟虫、麦蚜虫连续八年没达到化学防治用药阈值；蜘蛛、青蛙、田螺、泥鳅、黄鳝、蛇、野鸭、翠鸟等指示生物相继回归，并向周边农田扩散。“插秧时，当地村民都来抓黄鳝，知道我们不用药，黄鳝比别处多。”姬红丽笑着说。\n\n**第三招：生态当家，少打药照样高产**\n\n开农资店的罗勇，生意不如以前，但他却为啥挺开心？\n\n罗勇原是当地农资店主，卖农药化肥。“那会儿种植户见虫就打药，我生意也好。”但姬红丽团队来了之后，带来一个新理念：生态当家，少打药照样高产。\n\n“一开始我不信。”姬红丽团队带着罗勇一次次下田示范，请他到基地看效果。“后来发现人家不打药，虫子比我的还少，稻子还壮。”\n\n罗勇动了心，一边开农资店，一边承包土地。如今种植已发展到400多亩。“跟着团队学病虫害防治，品种从他们筛出的抗病品种里选，少打药减少人工，一亩地省100多块钱，产量基本不受影响。”他估计，今年亩产干谷能到1300至1400斤，在武都镇算高的。\n\n自己尝到甜头，罗勇又向周边大户推广：“少打药不是不管，是要靠品种抗病、靠天敌控虫。”如今，武都镇大户基本减少了打药次数，但产量没降。\n\n**【未经授权，严禁转载！联系电话028-86968276】**\n\n![Image 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川观新闻二维码](https:\u002F\u002Fwapcdn.thecover.cn\u002Fcdn\u002Fcbgc\u002Fstatic\u002Fimg\u002Fcopyright-qrcode.jpg)\n\n![Image 36](https:\u002F\u002Fwapcdn.chuanbaoguancha.cn\u002Fcdn\u002Fcbgc\u002Fstatic\u002Fimg\u002Fcopyright_bottom.png)\n\n### 精彩评论 7\n\n*   [![Image 37: 川观网友f469Aa](https:\u002F\u002Fcbgccdn.thecover.cn\u002F83f080a0-39ed-4297-b9dc-511e10f0b521)![Image 38](https:\u002F\u002Fcbgccdn.thecover.cn\u002F@\u002Fimages\u002F20230817\u002F1692258999803063552.png)](javascript:;) 川观网友f469Aa 2026-10-13![Image 39](https:\u002F\u002Fwapcdn.chuanbaoguancha.cn\u002Fcdn\u002Fcbgc\u002Fstatic\u002Fimg\u002Fpc_detail_zan.png)20  ![Image 40](https:\u002F\u002Fwapcdn.thecover.cn\u002Fcdn\u002Fcbgc\u002Fstatic\u002Fimg\u002Fcomment_jing.png) \n不用猛药治虫害，重建田间小生态，既守粮食丰产，也留住了蛙鸣鹭飞的田园诗意。 \n*   [![Image 41: 久泰安康](https:\u002F\u002Fcbgccdn.thecover.cn\u002Ff9d17bb8-ec4f-4222-9b94-edabc17c8cfa)![Image 42](https:\u002F\u002Fcbgccdn.thecover.cn\u002F@\u002Fimages\u002F20230817\u002F1692258999878073584.png)](javascript:;) 久泰安康 2026-10-13![Image 43](https:\u002F\u002Fwapcdn.chuanbaoguancha.cn\u002Fcdn\u002Fcbgc\u002Fstatic\u002Fimg\u002Fpc_detail_zan.png)17  ![Image 44](https:\u002F\u002Fwapcdn.thecover.cn\u002Fcdn\u002Fcbgc\u002Fstatic\u002Fimg\u002Fcomment_jing.png) \n大力支持研究、培养生物防治技术，尽量避免使用化学药物，既能保障人类食材安全，还可维护生态长远安全！ \n*   [![Image 45: 王剑冰](https:\u002F\u002Fcbgccdn.thecover.cn\u002F407ac4e6-e553-4184-befa-03acc97676ce)![Image 46](https:\u002F\u002Fcbgccdn.thecover.cn\u002F@\u002Fimages\u002F20230817\u002F1692258999878073584.png)](javascript:;) 王剑冰 2026-10-13![Image 47](https:\u002F\u002Fwapcdn.chuanbaoguancha.cn\u002Fcdn\u002Fcbgc\u002Fstatic\u002Fimg\u002Fpc_detail_zan.png)0  ![Image 48](https:\u002F\u002Fwapcdn.thecover.cn\u002Fcdn\u002Fcbgc\u002Fstatic\u002Fimg\u002Fcomment_jing.png) \n生物防治是保护农业环境的大方向！👍 \n*   [![Image 49: ⅩW](https:\u002F\u002Fcbgccdn.thecover.cn\u002F169473612216857a63206-7315-4066-add9-cc4c60366658)![Image 50](https:\u002F\u002Fcbgccdn.thecover.cn\u002F@\u002Fimages\u002F20230817\u002F1692258999854058654.png)](javascript:;) ⅩW 2026-10-13![Image 51](https:\u002F\u002Fwapcdn.chuanbaoguancha.cn\u002Fcdn\u002Fcbgc\u002Fstatic\u002Fimg\u002Fpc_detail_zan.png)10   \n科学种植。 \n*   [![Image 52: 孤傲的狼.](https:\u002F\u002Fcbgccdn.thecover.cn\u002Fa4fa4344-981a-4595-bbf6-eadd9cb8827d)![Image 53](https:\u002F\u002Fcbgccdn.thecover.cn\u002F@\u002Fimages\u002F20230817\u002F1692258999854058654.png)](javascript:;) 孤傲的狼. 2026-10-13![Image 54](https:\u002F\u002Fwapcdn.chuanbaoguancha.cn\u002Fcdn\u002Fcbgc\u002Fstatic\u002Fimg\u002Fpc_detail_zan.png)6   \n建康食品。 \n*   [![Image 55: cc夏](https:\u002F\u002Fthirdwx.qlogo.cn\u002Fmmopen\u002Fvi_32\u002FQ0j4TwGTfTLwWzkb2G2iaic1zUcKq9yJMgeq9PBXaS8ntvKEiaZUxZniaQHBUicFozibFhzP9UgSZsTrnP4icl6Q3Mkzg\u002F132)![Image 56](https:\u002F\u002Fcbgccdn.thecover.cn\u002F@\u002Fimages\u002F20230817\u002F1692258999878073584.png)](javascript:;) cc夏 2026-10-14![Image 57](https:\u002F\u002Fwapcdn.chuanbaoguancha.cn\u002Fcdn\u002Fcbgc\u002Fstatic\u002Fimg\u002Fpc_detail_zan.png)0   \n农业种植的优势在哪里？就在这里！少打药种花草！种出来的稻谷都喜欢！ \n\n查看更多评论\n\n我要评论\n\n![Image 58](https:\u002F\u002Fwapcdn.thecover.cn\u002Fcdn\u002Fcbgc\u002Fstatic\u002Fimg\u002FcbgcAPP.png)\n去APP中热议吧\n\n![Image 59](https:\u002F\u002Fwapcdn.thecover.cn\u002Fcdn\u002Fcbgc\u002Fstatic\u002Fimg\u002FcbgcAPP.png)\n去APP查看\n\n![Image 60](https:\u002F\u002Fcbgccdn.thecover.cn\u002Fqrcode\u002Fnews\u002Frm8NXTGnq8Y2x0lY=8052886.jpg)\n去APP查看全文\n\n相关新闻\n\n热新闻\n\n[天](javascript:void(0);)[周](javascript:void(0);)[月](javascript:void(0);)\n\n[![Image 61](https:\u002F\u002Fcbgccdn.thecover.cn\u002Fnewscontent-0ae08b42-806b-466b-8325-3d0db3077adb-1747298732623.jpeg)1 于巴山大峡谷偶遇一程缤纷，赴都江堰邂逅一座纯净幺妹峰丨川观号加新时刻10.14](https:\u002F\u002Fcbgc.scol.com.cn\u002Fnews\u002F6094993)[![Image 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| [广告业务](http:\u002F\u002Fwww.scdaily.cn\u002Fadvert.htm) | [联系我们](http:\u002F\u002Fwww.scdaily.cn\u002Fcontactus.htm)[![Image 96](https:\u002F\u002Fwapcdn.thecover.cn\u002Fcdn\u002Fcbgc\u002Fstatic\u002Fimg\u002Fa_biaoshi.gif)](http:\u002F\u002Fwww.hd315.gov.cn\u002Fbeian\u002Fview.asp?bianhao=031202001042600006)\n四川日报社版权所有 未经书面授权 不得复制或建立镜像  \n Copyright ©2011-2019 SICHUAN DAILY All rights reserved.  \n 四川日报报业集团 四川日报网[蜀ICP备12028253号-2](http:\u002F\u002Fwww.miibeian.gov.cn\u002F)\n互联网新闻信息服务许可证：51120170001\n","川观新闻 四川农村日报 2026 年 10 月 12 日","2026-10-12T00:00:00Z","报道",10,false,58,{"impact":17,"substance":18,"depth":19,"authority":20,"freshness":21,"relevant":22,"comment":23},16,14,12,9,7,1,"省级科研机构绿色植保样板田进展，有技术示范价值但属阶段性报道，未达每日精选门槛。",[25],{"name":10,"url":6},[27,28,29,30,31],"绿色防控","四川省农科院","水稻种植","生物防治","天敌控虫",{"code":33,"slug":34,"name":35,"path":36,"parent_code":37},"F4","crop-protection","农药与绿色防控","\u002Ftopic\u002Finputs-equipment\u002Fcrop-protection","F",[],{"status":40,"locked":14,"version":41,"method":42,"evidence":43},"classified","2026-10-22.2","rules",{"candidates":44,"agricultural_evidence":46},[45,51,58],{"code":33,"score":13,"supported":46,"title":47,"abstract":49,"tags":50},true,[48],"植保",[],[30,27],{"code":52,"score":53,"supported":46,"title":54,"abstract":55,"tags":57},"A1",4,[],[56],"稻田",[29],{"code":59,"score":22,"supported":14,"title":60,"abstract":61,"tags":62},"H8",[],[],[27],[64,65],"四川省农科院植保所 天敌控虫","三水绿色融合 样板田","四川省农科院植保所天敌控虫-4961","2026-10-15T00:06:03.613426Z",{"total":69,"page":22,"page_size":69,"items":70},6,[71,157,205,323,380,426],{"id":72,"title":73,"url":74,"summary":75,"summary_zh":76,"content":8,"source_name":77,"source_url":74,"published_at":11,"category":78,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":14,"score":79,"score_detail":80,"sources":85,"tags":87,"primary_topic":91,"secondary_topics":92,"classification":93,"search_phrases":118,"slug":121,"view_count":22,"doi":122,"paper":123,"created_at":156},4917,"Revealing parasitoid-pest interactions using multi-marker metabarcoding: a nationwide assessment of parasitism in cabbage stem flea beetle larvae","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.64898\u002F2026.10.09.757974","Management of insect pests of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) such as cabbage stem flea beetle (CSFB; Psylliodes chrysocephala L.) is increasingly challenging given a lack of effective permitted insecticides. Conservation biocontrol, including through naturally-occurring parasitoids of CSFB, is one of the first lines of defense and the baseline for integrated pest management (IPM) strategies, but we lack a comprehensive understanding of the parasitoids involved and how parasitism rates vary regionally. Such data have traditionally required rearing of parasitoids from their pest hosts, which is highly error-prone, laborious and overlooks instances of multiple parasitism and hyperparasitism. Using multi-marker DNA metabarcoding, including a novel host-exclusion parasitoid PCR primer pair, we assessed parasitism of 1,040 CSFB larvae from 13 counties in England, UK. We confidently identified seven parasitoids of CSFB larvae, with ten taxa present in unfiltered data. Parasitism rates differed between regions, with the north of England having significantly lower parasitism rates than southern regions. Our novel beetle parasitoid PCR primers demonstrate a high congruence with visual detections of parasitoids and a high rate of novel interaction detections. Ultimately, by determining both rates of parasitism and natural enemy identities, these data significantly extend our understanding of in-field CSFB parasitoid community dynamics. This information could guide the enhancement of farm management, especially using network science in decision support systems related to insecticide application, but also more broadly in the context of crop and habitat management for improved conservation biocontrol and IPM.","油菜（Brassica napus L.）害虫，如白菜茎跳甲（CSFB；Psylliodes chrysocephala L.）的治理正日益困难，原因在于缺乏有效的已登记杀虫剂。保护性生物防治，包括利用CSFB的天然寄生蜂，是首道防线，也是害虫综合治理（IPM）策略的基线，但我们对所涉及的寄生蜂种类以及寄生率在不同区域间如何变化缺乏全面了解。此类数据传统上需要从害虫宿主中饲养寄生蜂来获得，这种方法极易出错、费时费力，且忽略了多重寄生和重寄生的情形。利用多标记DNA宏条形码技术，包括一对新型宿主排除性寄生蜂PCR引物，我们评估了来自英国英格兰13个县的1,040头CSFB幼虫的寄生情况。我们确信鉴定出七种CSFB幼虫寄生蜂，未过滤数据中还存在十个分类单元。寄生率在不同区域间存在差异，英格兰北部的寄生率显著低于南部地区。我们的新型甲虫寄生蜂PCR引物与寄生蜂的视觉检测结果高度一致，并具有较高的新互作检出率。最终，通过确定寄生率和天敌身份，这些数据显著拓展了我们对田间CSFB寄生蜂群落动态的理解。这些信息可指导农场管理的改进，尤其是在与杀虫剂施用相关的决策支持系统中应用网络科学，同时也在更广泛的作物和栖息地管理背景下，为改善保护性生物防治和IPM提供依据。","bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","论文",80,{"impact":81,"substance":82,"depth":81,"authority":83,"freshness":20,"relevant":22,"comment":84},18,22,13,"该研究利用多标记DNA宏条形码技术大规模评估油菜茎跳甲寄生蜂群落，方法新颖、数据扎实，对推进保护性生物防治和IPM决策支持具有实质参考价值，值得进入每日精选。",[86],{"name":77,"url":74},[27,30,88,89,90],"油料作物","害虫综合治理","分子检测",{"code":33,"slug":34,"name":35,"path":36,"parent_code":37},[],{"status":40,"locked":14,"version":41,"method":42,"evidence":94},{"candidates":95,"agricultural_evidence":46},[96,101,108,114],{"code":33,"score":97,"supported":46,"title":98,"abstract":99,"tags":100},5,[],[30],[30,27],{"code":102,"score":103,"supported":46,"title":104,"abstract":105,"tags":107},"A4",3,[],[106],"油菜",[],{"code":109,"score":103,"supported":46,"title":110,"abstract":111,"tags":113},"I2",[],[112],"decision support",[],{"code":59,"score":22,"supported":14,"title":115,"abstract":116,"tags":117},[],[],[27],[119,120],"油菜 跳甲 寄生蜂","DNA宏条形码 害虫防治","油菜跳甲寄生蜂-4917","10.64898\u002F2026.10.09.757974",{"doi":122,"openalex_id":124,"authors":125,"venue":77,"cited_by_count":147,"oa_url":148,"card":149,"direction":153,"ingested_from":155},"W7221504656",[126,129,132,135,138,141,144],{"name":127,"orcid":128},"Patricia A. Ortega‐Ramos","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0003-3339-2410",{"name":130,"orcid":131},"Jordan P. Cuff","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-0198-4940",{"name":133,"orcid":134},"Darren Mark Evans","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0003-4061-6726",{"name":136,"orcid":137},"Larissa Collins","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0001-5449-0015",{"name":139,"orcid":140},"Alice L. Mauchline","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0003-1168-8552",{"name":142,"orcid":143},"Robbie D. Girling","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0001-8816-8075",{"name":145,"orcid":146},"S. M. Cook","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0001-5577-2540",0,"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.biorxiv.org\u002Fcontent\u002Fbiorxiv\u002Fearly\u002F2026\u002F10\u002F12\u002F2026.10.09.757974.full.pdf",{"tldr":150,"method":151,"finding":152,"direction":153,"opportunity":154},"用多标记DNA宏条形码评估英国油菜害虫跳甲幼虫的寄生蜂群落与寄生率。","多标记宏条形码及新型寄生蜂PCR引物，检测1040头幼虫。","鉴定出七种寄生蜂，北部寄生率显著低于南部，新引物检测高效。","农业人工智能与决策模型","可结合网络科学与决策支持系统，将寄生蜂群落数据用于精准施药与保护性生物防治。","openalex","2026-10-14T23:30:58.248871Z",{"id":158,"title":159,"url":160,"summary":161,"summary_zh":8,"content":162,"source_name":163,"source_url":8,"published_at":164,"category":12,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":14,"score":165,"score_detail":166,"sources":171,"tags":173,"primary_topic":177,"secondary_topics":183,"classification":185,"search_phrases":200,"slug":203,"view_count":53,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":204},1556,"中国农业科学院烟草所：双金属人工酶开辟细菌性病害绿色防控新路径（Angewandte Chemie）","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fkyhd\u002F59452b198605475b991f2f29d9ea6f61.htm","近日，中国农业科学院烟草研究所烟草病虫害绿色防控创新团队成功研发一种新型双金属人工水解酶，可高效降解细菌生物膜并杀灭病原菌。该酶将高活性铈引入金属有机框架，具有良好的生物安全性与环境稳定性，清除率超 80%、杀菌率超 85%。该成果突破传统杀菌剂依赖，首次将人工水解酶应用于细菌生物膜靶向清除，打破了细菌性病害缺乏特效药的产业困境，为农作物绿色防控开辟新路径。相关成果发表在《德国应用化学》（Angewandte Chemie International Edition）上。","[English](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fen)[邮箱](https:\u002F\u002Fmail.caas.cn\u002F)[数字农科院](https:\u002F\u002Fi.caas.cn\u002F)[](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fcms\u002Fweb\u002Fsearch\u002Findex.jsp?siteID=cdb01dceb46e48488945d4465e90f221&aba=)\n\n官方微信 \n\n![Image 2](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fimages\u002F2023-01\u002F020ac4d3d8b6451782a8702c72604336.jpg)农科专家在线微信公众号\n\n![Image 3](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fimages\u002F2023-01\u002Fbf6579e4651e437db31a22cd2249b319.jpg)中国农科院微信公众号\n\n[![Image 4](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fstatic2022\u002Fimages\u002Fmenu_logo.png)](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Findex.htm)\n\n*  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Edition）》上。\n\n细菌生物膜是病原菌通过群体感应分泌形成的“保护壳”，其主要骨架由糖类物质交织而成，可显著削弱药剂渗透与免疫清除，导致田间防治效果大幅降低，是病害反复暴发的核心诱因。\n\n针对制约农业细菌性病害防治的技术瓶颈，研究团队将高活性铈引入金属有机框架，构建双金属人工水解酶，并阐明其区别于天然酶的独特催化路径。该酶具有良好的生物安全性与环境稳定性，可精准切断细菌生物膜多糖骨架的化学键，瓦解细菌防护膜，清除率超80%，杀菌率超85%。该成果突破传统杀菌剂依赖，首次将人工水解酶应用于细菌生物膜靶向清除，打破了细菌性病害缺乏特效药的产业困境，为农作物绿色防控开辟新路径。\n\n该研究得到国家自然科学基金和山东省自然科学基金等项目支持。（通讯员 李晓娟）\n\n论文链接：https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1002\u002Fanie.9481237\n\n![Image 8: 001.png](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fimages\u002F2026-09\u002Fe45c5f97ad2e4c81847a32cfe5fd39bc.png)\n\n打印本页\n\n关闭本页\n\n[院网信息发布与管理](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fywxxfbygl\u002Findex.htm)[最新动态](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fywxxfbygl\u002Findex.htm)\n\n*   [第7期“农科讲坛”举办 以农业农村现代化推动实现中国式现代化](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fnkyw\u002F1c78565c9c5648c5b6f3e70d035deb07.htm)2026-08-31  \n*   [西梅浆加工色泽劣变规律被揭示](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fkyhd\u002F958676b943cb4e229d3f617ba4f35e75.htm)2026-08-31  \n*   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京公网安备11010802048565号](http:\u002F\u002Fwww.beian.gov.cn\u002Fportal\u002FregisterSystemInfo?recordcode=11010802048565)","中国农业科学院·科研进展","2026-09-03T00:00:00Z",83,{"impact":167,"substance":82,"depth":81,"authority":168,"freshness":169,"relevant":22,"comment":170},20,15,8,"中国农科院烟草所开发双金属人工酶，为细菌性病害绿色防控提供新路径，发表于Angewandte Chemie，具有较高科研价值和行业影响。",[172],{"name":163,"url":160},[27,174,175,176,30],"人工酶","细菌病害","烟草",{"code":178,"slug":179,"name":180,"path":181,"parent_code":182},"A6","cash-crops","棉麻糖与特色经作","\u002Ftopic\u002Ffield-crops\u002Fcash-crops","A",[184],{"code":33,"slug":34,"name":35,"path":36,"parent_code":37},{"status":40,"locked":14,"version":41,"method":42,"evidence":186},{"candidates":187,"agricultural_evidence":46},[188,192,196],{"code":33,"score":83,"supported":46,"title":189,"abstract":190,"tags":191},[27],[27],[30,27],{"code":178,"score":19,"supported":46,"title":193,"abstract":194,"tags":195},[176],[176],[176],{"code":59,"score":22,"supported":14,"title":197,"abstract":198,"tags":199},[],[],[27],[201,202],"生物防治 细菌病害 绿色防控 人工酶","生物防治 细菌病害","生物防治细菌病害绿色防控人工酶-1556","2026-09-04T00:05:31.812843Z",{"id":206,"title":207,"url":208,"summary":209,"summary_zh":210,"content":8,"source_name":211,"source_url":208,"published_at":212,"category":78,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":14,"score":213,"score_detail":214,"sources":216,"tags":218,"primary_topic":224,"secondary_topics":225,"classification":226,"search_phrases":284,"slug":287,"view_count":147,"doi":288,"paper":289,"created_at":322},5480,"Sustainable Plant Disease Management: Current Advances, Challenges, and Future Directions","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3390\u002Fsu182010661","Sustainable plant disease management is essential for maintaining agricultural productivity, environmental health, and global food security. Climate change has increased crop vulnerability to emerging and re-emerging plant diseases, posing significant challenges for agricultural sustainability. Although synthetic chemical pesticides have long been effective for disease control, their extensive use is increasingly questioned because of environmental contamination, pathogen resistance, and potential risks to human and ecosystem health. Consequently, plant disease management (PDM) is shifting toward more sustainable and integrated approaches. Future strategies are expected to incorporate multiple disciplines, including: (i) biological control and microbiome engineering to enhance natural plant defense mechanisms; (ii) advanced molecular and genomic technologies, such as CRISPR\u002FCas systems, RNA interference (RNAi), and epigenome editing, to develop durable disease resistance; (iii) smart delivery systems for the precise application of antimicrobial compounds and defense elicitors; (iv) nanotechnology-based platforms for the targeted delivery of nutrients, pesticides, and biocontrol agents, improving efficacy while reducing chemical inputs; (v) digital and precision agriculture technologies, including remote sensing, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and artificial intelligence (AI)-based diagnostics, to facilitate real-time disease surveillance and targeted interventions; and (vi) agroecological practices such as crop diversification, soil health restoration, and climate-smart farming to enhance agroecosystem resilience. These innovations aim not only to suppress plant pathogens but also to build sustainable, adaptive, and resilient agricultural systems that address future environmental and biological challenges.","可持续的植物病害管理对于维持农业生产力、环境健康和全球粮食安全至关重要。气候变化加剧了作物对新发和再发植物病害的脆弱性，给农业可持续性带来了重大挑战。尽管合成化学农药长期以来在病害防控中行之有效，但其广泛使用正日益受到质疑，原因包括环境污染、病原菌抗药性以及对人类和生态系统健康的潜在风险。因此，植物病害管理（plant disease management, PDM）正转向更加可持续和综合的途径。未来的策略预计将融合多个学科，包括：(i) 生物防治和微生物组工程，以增强植物天然防御机制；(ii) 先进的分子和基因组技术，如CRISPR\u002FCas系统、RNA干扰（RNAi）和表观基因组编辑，以培育持久抗病性；(iii) 用于精准施用抗菌化合物和防御诱导子的智能递送系统；(iv) 基于纳米技术的平台，用于靶向递送养分、农药和生物防治剂，在提高功效的同时减少化学投入；(v) 数字和精准农业技术，包括遥感、无人机（UAVs）和基于人工智能（AI）的诊断，以促进实时病害监测和靶向干预；以及(vi) 农业生态实践，如作物多样化、土壤健康恢复和气候智慧型农业，以增强农业生态系统的韧性。这些创新不仅旨在抑制植物病原菌，还旨在构建可持续、适应性强且具有韧性的农业系统，以应对未来的环境和生物挑战。","Sustainability","2026-10-20T00:00:00Z",81,{"impact":82,"substance":167,"depth":81,"authority":83,"freshness":169,"relevant":22,"comment":215},"系统综述可持续植物病害管理六大技术方向，涵盖AI诊断、纳米递送与基因编辑，对智慧农业与绿色防控具参考价值。",[217],{"name":211,"url":208},[219,220,221,222,30,223],"智慧农业","精准农业","基因编辑","植物病害","纳米技术",{"code":33,"slug":34,"name":35,"path":36,"parent_code":37},[],{"status":40,"locked":14,"version":41,"method":42,"evidence":227},{"candidates":228,"agricultural_evidence":46},[229,235,240,247,254,261,268,274,279],{"code":230,"score":169,"supported":46,"title":231,"abstract":232,"tags":234},"I1",[],[220,233],"precision agriculture",[219,220],{"code":33,"score":21,"supported":46,"title":236,"abstract":237,"tags":239},[],[238,30],"农药",[30],{"code":241,"score":69,"supported":46,"title":242,"abstract":243,"tags":246},"A8",[],[244,245],"粮食安全","food security",[],{"code":248,"score":69,"supported":46,"title":249,"abstract":250,"tags":253},"H2",[],[251,252],"土壤","soil",[],{"code":255,"score":69,"supported":46,"title":256,"abstract":257,"tags":260},"H7",[],[258,259],"气候变化","climate change",[],{"code":262,"score":69,"supported":46,"title":263,"abstract":264,"tags":267},"I3",[],[265,266],"遥感","remote sensing",[],{"code":269,"score":103,"supported":46,"title":270,"abstract":271,"tags":273},"H6",[],[272],"农业生态",[],{"code":109,"score":103,"supported":46,"title":275,"abstract":276,"tags":278},[],[277],"artificial intelligence",[],{"code":280,"score":22,"supported":14,"title":281,"abstract":282,"tags":283},"F2",[],[],[221],[285,286],"CRISPR RNAi 作物抗病","基因编辑 智慧农业 植物病害 生物防治","CRISPRRNAi作物抗病-5480","10.3390\u002Fsu182010661",{"doi":288,"openalex_id":290,"authors":291,"venue":211,"cited_by_count":147,"oa_url":208,"card":316,"direction":320,"ingested_from":155},"W7223044776",[292,295,298,301,304,307,310,313],{"name":293,"orcid":294},"Karim M. Hassan","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-1241-2307",{"name":296,"orcid":297},"Basma T. Abd-Elhalim","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-3009-332X",{"name":299,"orcid":300},"Mohamed K. Abou El-Nasr","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0003-1451-833X",{"name":302,"orcid":303},"Essam Yosef Abdul-Hafeez","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0003-4744-4672",{"name":305,"orcid":306},"Ahmed N. Abdelhamid","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-1326-7885",{"name":308,"orcid":309},"Mostafa Abdelkader","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0003-2339-5087",{"name":311,"orcid":312},"Mohamed Abd El-Hamed Nasser","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-0328-2969",{"name":314,"orcid":315},"Mahmoud A. A. Ali","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-9062-0048",{"tldr":317,"method":318,"finding":319,"direction":320,"opportunity":321},"综述植物病害可持续管理的多学科前沿进展、挑战与未来方向。","文献综述，整合生物防治、基因编辑、纳米递送、数字农业与生态农艺。","未来病害管理需融合生物、分子、纳米与数字技术构建韧性农业系统。","智慧农业 \u002F 农业物联网","遥感、无人机与AI诊断的实时病害监测闭环仍缺田间验证与低成本落地研究。","2026-10-21T23:30:09.242484Z",{"id":324,"title":325,"url":326,"summary":327,"summary_zh":8,"content":328,"source_name":329,"source_url":8,"published_at":330,"category":12,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":14,"score":331,"score_detail":332,"sources":335,"tags":337,"primary_topic":342,"secondary_topics":348,"classification":350,"search_phrases":375,"slug":378,"view_count":147,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":379},5281,"省农科院植保所江油武都\"三水\"绿色融合样板田连续10余年综合治理 稻鱼鸭共生","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.toutiao.com\u002Farticle\u002F7696132538393215528","10月12日江油市武都镇阳亭坝金黄稻田迎来丰收,四川省农科院植保所研究员姬红丽蹲在田埂查叶背(无病斑),亩产干谷不低于1300斤;自2013年起省农科院植保所在此实施\"农田有害生物综合治理课题\"持续10余年,通过田埂种植甜荞、蔷薇、紫云英、二月兰、香根草等蜜源植物为天敌提供庇护所,基地稻田麦田天敌种群数量达农户常规田块的10倍以上。","视频加载中...\n\n川观新闻记者 张彧希 四川农村日报记者 徐灿红 洪瑜\n\n10月12日，江油市武都镇阳亭坝，秋风掠过，稻田翻起金色波浪。\n\n四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所研究员姬红丽蹲在田埂上，拔起一株水稻查看叶背——干干净净，没有病斑。“亩产干谷不会低于1300斤。”再过一两天，这里就要开镰。\n\n这片稻田不普通。自2013年起，省农科院植保所在此实施“农田有害生物综合治理课题”，持续10余年。曾经抛荒的土地，如今稻穗丰盈、游鱼戏水、白鹭翩跹，成为国内率先实现水稻、水产、水禽“三水”绿色融合的样板田。\n\n曾经令人头痛的有害生物，是如何被“赶出”这片田的？\n\n![Image 1](https:\u002F\u002Fp3-sign.toutiaoimg.com\u002Ftos-cn-i-axegupay5k\u002F0236314001894642bb5bcf371554180b~tplv-tt-origin-web:gif.jpeg?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1792973320&x-signature=XhegSE7aGrMWXTC4o0zuZt8sDFo%3D)\n俯瞰基地。\n\n**第一招：良种打底，病害止步田外**\n\n“三水”融合，第一关是选品种。“不光看产量和米质，更看重抗病性。”姬红丽说。西南稻区主要病害有稻瘟病、纹枯病、稻曲病，农户常规靠打药防病，但基地全生育期几乎不施化学杀菌剂，底气来自多抗性品种。\n\n连续十多年，团队每年从市场主流品种中筛选多抗性优异品种，在江油基地展示。“江油气候利于多种病害发生，对品种抗性要求更高，也更容易筛出好品种。”姬红丽说。\n\n今年基地集中示范川康优2115、品香优607等优质水稻，在稻瘟、稻曲等病害抗性上表现优异。品种自身抗性强，病害起不来，化学农药自然省了。\n\n品种抗性究竟如何？种子企业也很关心。四川金色绿丹种业有限公司川北区域经理陈胜龙沿试验田看了几遍：“没找到稻瘟病、稻曲病症状，叶片干净，秆壮穗大，产量很乐观。”\n\n**第二招：田埂布阵，天敌与“陷阱”控虫**\n\n![Image 2](https:\u002F\u002Fp3-sign.toutiaoimg.com\u002Ftos-cn-i-tjoges91tu\u002Facfcb249e48cd472f480260e5551bb65~tplv-tt-origin-web:gif.jpeg?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1792973320&x-signature=B1pojs4Mx2mcaw2GJlWWImuIBDk%3D)\n田埂上种的甜荞。\n\n病害靠品种扛，虫害靠天敌控。不足半米宽的田埂，像一座迷你花园：甜荞开白花，蔷薇正艳，菜粉蝶、蜜蜂穿梭其间。\n\n![Image 3](https:\u002F\u002Fp3-sign.toutiaoimg.com\u002Ftos-cn-i-tjoges91tu\u002F85a45dc6b1fa07d071fd5c3d1578c4f2~tplv-tt-origin-web:gif.jpeg?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1792973320&x-signature=oCp5UghEu2I%2BkG6F5S36WgQDGUA%3D)\n田埂上种的蔷薇。\n\n“这些都是蜜源植物，是精心选的‘生态卫士’。”姬红丽说。稻麦轮作茬口期，田里没有庄稼，自然天敌没处安身，蜜源植物便补上空当，提供花粉、花蜜和庇护所。\n\n目前田埂还种了紫云英、二月兰，基地稻田麦田里的天敌种群数量，达到农户常规自防田块的10倍以上，全是自然天敌，没有人工投放。\n\n记者发现，田埂上还种着一人高的香根草。姬红丽介绍，这是从泰国引进的“陷阱植物”：气味吸引二化螟产卵，但含有毒活性物质，不适合幼虫发育，孵化幼虫大多低龄死亡，无法发育为成虫。一代代下来，基地二化螟数量越来越低。\n\n效果有数据支撑：水稻螟虫、麦蚜虫连续八年没达到化学防治用药阈值；蜘蛛、青蛙、田螺、泥鳅、黄鳝、蛇、野鸭、翠鸟等指示生物相继回归，并向周边农田扩散。“插秧时，当地村民都来抓黄鳝，知道我们不用药，黄鳝比别处多。”姬红丽笑着说。\n\n**第三招：生态当家，少打药照样高产**\n\n开农资店的罗勇，生意不如以前，但他却为啥挺开心？\n\n罗勇原是当地农资店主，卖农药化肥。“那会儿种植户见虫就打药，我生意也好。”但姬红丽团队来了之后，带来一个新理念：生态当家，少打药照样高产。\n\n“一开始我不信。”姬红丽团队带着罗勇一次次下田示范，请他到基地看效果。“后来发现人家不打药，虫子比我的还少，稻子还壮。”\n\n罗勇动了心，一边开农资店，一边承包土地。如今种植已发展到400多亩。“跟着团队学病虫害防治，品种从他们筛出的抗病品种里选，少打药减少人工，一亩地省100多块钱，产量基本不受影响。”他估计，今年亩产干谷能到1300至1400斤，在武都镇算高的。\n\n自己尝到甜头，罗勇又向周边大户推广：“少打药不是不管，是要靠品种抗病、靠天敌控虫。”如今，武都镇大户基本减少了打药次数，但产量没降。","今日头条川观新闻(2026-10-13)","2026-10-13T00:00:00Z",69,{"impact":81,"substance":167,"depth":333,"authority":13,"freshness":53,"relevant":22,"comment":334},17,"连续十余年综合治理的实证报道，数据与多方信源扎实，具行业示范价值，但时效偏旧。",[336],{"name":329,"url":326},[27,338,339,340,341],"农药减量","生物多样性","生态农业","稻鱼鸭共生",{"code":343,"slug":344,"name":345,"path":346,"parent_code":347},"D3","integrated-aquaculture","稻渔种养与生态渔业","\u002Ftopic\u002Faquaculture\u002Fintegrated-aquaculture","D",[349],{"code":33,"slug":34,"name":35,"path":36,"parent_code":37},{"status":40,"locked":14,"version":41,"method":42,"evidence":351},{"candidates":352,"agricultural_evidence":46},[353,357,362,366,371],{"code":33,"score":83,"supported":46,"title":354,"abstract":355,"tags":356},[48],[48],[338,27],{"code":343,"score":169,"supported":46,"title":358,"abstract":360,"tags":361},[359],"稻鱼",[],[],{"code":52,"score":103,"supported":46,"title":363,"abstract":364,"tags":365},[],[56],[],{"code":59,"score":367,"supported":14,"title":368,"abstract":369,"tags":370},2,[],[],[340,27],{"code":269,"score":22,"supported":14,"title":372,"abstract":373,"tags":374},[],[],[339],[376,377],"四川省农科院 植保所 江油 稻鱼鸭","三水融合 绿色防控 样板田","四川省农科院植保所江油稻鱼鸭-5281","2026-10-19T00:07:41.376347Z",{"id":381,"title":382,"url":383,"summary":384,"summary_zh":8,"content":385,"source_name":386,"source_url":8,"published_at":387,"category":12,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":14,"score":15,"score_detail":388,"sources":390,"tags":392,"primary_topic":397,"secondary_topics":402,"classification":404,"search_phrases":421,"slug":424,"view_count":367,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":425},5273,"河北植保所定州举办玉米绿色防控\"一防一控\"现场观摩会 集成技术防效稳定、绿色环保","https:\u002F\u002Fnews.10jqka.com.cn\u002F20261016\u002Fc680781485.shtml","9月22日河北省农林科学院植保所在定州市举办国家重点研发计划\"玉米病虫害演替规律与全程绿色防控技术体系集成示范\"项目子课题\"河北省玉米抗病品种筛选及重大病虫害绿色综合防控技术集成示范\"现场观摩与田间检测会;在大喇叭口期和授粉后实施两次靶向用药,通过\"前防后控\"精准对靶穗腐病和蛀穗害虫。","9 月22日，河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所在定州市举办国家重点研发计划“玉米（885811）病虫害演替规律与全程绿色防控技术体系集成示范”(2024YFD1400300)项目子课题“河北省玉米（885811）抗病品种筛选及重大病虫害绿色综合防控技术集成示范”现场观摩与田间检测会，集中展示项目阶段性成果，检视重大病虫害绿色防控技术落地实效。\n\n会议邀请河北农业大学曹志艳研究员、河北省农业特色产业技术指导总站孟建研究员、河北省农业环保监测总站勾建军研究员、河北科技师范学院王秀平研究员、河北省农林科学院棉花研究所张谦副研究员组成专家组，对示范技术进行现场把关与科学评价。项目参加单位中国农业科学院植物保护研究所、河南省农业科学院植物保护研究所、沧州市农业科学院的专家学者，定州市农业农村局代表及合作社、种植大户等100余人参加活动。\n\n会议由河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所副所长吴玉星研究员主持。他代表研究所对各位领导、专家和种植户的到来表示欢迎，并系统介绍了河北省植保所玉米（885811）综防研究室在玉米（885811）抗病品种筛选鉴定及重大病虫害绿色防控技术集成方面的研究进展与工作基础。项目子课题负责人刘树森博士结合示范现场，详细讲解了技术示范内容、实施路径与核心要点。\n\n在现场检测环节，专家组对示范的玉米（885811）中后期病虫害“一防一控”技术分别进行了现场调查和综合评价。据了解，该技术立足玉米（885811）生长关键节点，在大喇叭口期和授粉后实施两次靶向用药，通过“前防后控”的技术策略，精准对靶穗腐病和蛀穗害虫两大关键病虫害。经现场检测，该技术对穗腐病和蛀穗害虫均表现出良好的防治效果，防效稳定、操作简便、绿色环保，兼顾了粮食安全与生态友好，获得了专家组的一致肯定。\n\n会议期间，项目团队还面向参会的高素质农民开展了现场技术培训。专家们结合示范田实际，围绕用药时期把握、药剂选择、施药方式等关键技术环节进行了通俗讲解和实操指导，帮助种植户真正把先进技术学到手、用得上，切实提升一线农户科学种田与绿色防控的能力和水平。\n\n此次观摩检测活动，系统展示了河北省植保所在国家重点研发计划支持下取得的阶段性重要进展，搭建了科研单位、推广部门与生产一线交流合作的平台。据介绍，项目集成的玉米（885811）重大病虫害绿色防控技术，将在河北省夏玉米（885811）区进一步扩大推广示范面积，加快带动全省玉米（885811）病虫害绿色防控水平整体提升，为保障粮食安全、推动农业绿色高质量发展提供有力的科技支撑。\n\n下一步，项目组将持续深化技术集成与示范应用，强化产学研用协同，推动更多绿色高效防控技术落地生根，助力全省玉米（885811）产业提质增效。(图片由河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所刘树森提供)\n\n【以上内容为推广信息，所涉及内容不代表本网观点，不构成投资建议、消费（883434）建议。】","同花顺财经(2026-10-16)","2026-10-16T00:00:00Z",{"impact":17,"substance":333,"depth":19,"authority":13,"freshness":103,"relevant":22,"comment":389},"省级科研机构主导的国家重点研发计划阶段性成果展示，技术要点与现场检测结论具体，但属区域性观摩活动且已过时效，适合作为行业动态而非每日精选。",[391],{"name":386,"url":383},[27,393,394,395,396],"植保技术","玉米病虫害","一防一控","河北定州",{"code":398,"slug":399,"name":400,"path":401,"parent_code":182},"A3","maize","玉米","\u002Ftopic\u002Ffield-crops\u002Fmaize",[403],{"code":33,"slug":34,"name":35,"path":36,"parent_code":37},{"status":40,"locked":14,"version":41,"method":42,"evidence":405},{"candidates":406,"agricultural_evidence":46},[407,412,417],{"code":33,"score":408,"supported":46,"title":409,"abstract":410,"tags":411},23,[48,27],[48,27],[27],{"code":398,"score":413,"supported":46,"title":414,"abstract":415,"tags":416},11,[400],[400],[],{"code":59,"score":22,"supported":14,"title":418,"abstract":419,"tags":420},[],[],[27],[422,423],"河北植保所 玉米 一防一控","定州 玉米 绿色防控","河北植保所玉米一防一控-5273","2026-10-19T00:07:40.821027Z",{"id":427,"title":428,"url":429,"summary":430,"summary_zh":8,"content":431,"source_name":432,"source_url":8,"published_at":8,"category":12,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":14,"score":433,"score_detail":434,"sources":437,"tags":439,"primary_topic":444,"secondary_topics":449,"classification":451,"search_phrases":472,"slug":475,"view_count":367,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":476},5210,"中国农科院西部中心基于RNA干扰研发马铃薯根结线虫绿色防控新技术","https:\u002F\u002Fwri.caas.cn\u002Fmtbd\u002F072be27fc1864e96bd75c1f41598318b.htm","中国农业科学院西部农业研究中心联合国内多家科研单位,成功攻克根结线虫绿色防控关键难题,研发基于RNA干扰的新型防控技术,经纳米载体保护后根结线虫摄取量提升42.3%,基因沉默效果提高1.9倍,幼虫死亡率提升24.2%,温室防治效果提升至78.4%。","近日，中国农业科学院西部农业研究中心西部作物生物安全防控创新团队联合国内多家科研单位，成功攻克根结线虫绿色防控关键难题，研发出基于RNA干扰的新型防控技术，为绿色生物农药落地推广打下坚实基础，也为新疆粮食等作物病虫害治理带来全新的技术方案。\n\n中国农业科学院西部农业研究中心西部作物生物安全防控创新团队科研人员在田间查看根结线虫防控效果。李伦 摄\n\n该中心副主任彭焕介绍，根结线虫是潜藏于土壤中、破坏力极强的“隐形害虫”，可侵染3000余种植物，包括粮食、蔬菜等各类农作物。作物根系被根结线虫侵染取食后，会形成大小不一的根瘤根结，严重削弱作物根系吸收水肥的能力，造成植株生长衰弱、产量锐减。这一虫害也是影响新疆农作物稳产提质的重要原因。\n\n以往防治根结线虫，主要依靠化学类药剂。而长期施用化学药剂，不仅会让根结线虫逐渐产生抗药性，造成药效减退，还会给土壤带来负担。因此农业生产迫切需要高效环保的替代防控技术。RNA干扰技术是极具潜力的绿色防控手段，它能够精准“关闭”该害虫的关键基因，只针对靶标害虫起效，不会伤害其他生物。但该技术的活性物质在土壤中极易被分解，致使这项技术长期停留在实验室阶段，难以应用到大田生产中。\n\n此次科研团队突破技术应用瓶颈，从基因层面筛选出根结线虫的关键靶标基因MEKK-3，该基因只作用于根结线虫，对其他生物安全无害。团队搭建起该活性物质的规模化生产工艺，还采用星形聚阳离子纳米材料为有效成分打造一层“保护外壳”。相当于给药剂穿上防护外衣，使其埋入土壤后不易被分解。经过改良，根结线虫对药剂有效成分摄取量提升42.3%，基因沉默效果提高1.9倍，幼虫死亡率提升24.2%。\n\n温室试验结果显示：单纯施用活性药剂45天后，作物根部根结数量可减少56.6%；将纳米载体与药剂搭配使用，对根结线虫的防治效果提升至78.4%。科研人员探明其中机理：该关键基因被抑制后，根结线虫抵御外界胁迫、维持生存的生理通路遭到破坏，最终无法正常发育，导致死亡。\n\n彭焕介绍，这套新技术打通了从害虫靶点筛选、机理解析、规模化生产到温室试验验证的完整技术链条，证实MEKK-3基因可用于防控多种根结线虫，为研发安全广谱的新型RNA生物农药铺平了道路。他表示，未来该技术落地应用后，能够减少化学农药使用，守护耕地土壤健康，助力新疆农业绿色高质量发展，也为国内土传病虫害的绿色治理提供重要技术储备。","中国农业科学院西部农业研究中心\u002F新疆日报(2026-10)",87,{"impact":435,"substance":408,"depth":81,"authority":18,"freshness":169,"relevant":22,"comment":436},24,"国家级科研机构攻克RNA干扰大田应用瓶颈，数据详实、技术链条完整，具备行业示范价值，值得进入每日精选。",[438],{"name":432,"url":429},[440,441,442,27,443],"马铃薯","RNA干扰","根结线虫","生物农药",{"code":445,"slug":446,"name":447,"path":448,"parent_code":182},"A5","tubers-grains","薯类与杂粮","\u002Ftopic\u002Ffield-crops\u002Ftubers-grains",[450],{"code":33,"slug":34,"name":35,"path":36,"parent_code":37},{"status":40,"locked":14,"version":41,"method":42,"evidence":452},{"candidates":453,"agricultural_evidence":46},[454,458,462,468],{"code":33,"score":18,"supported":46,"title":455,"abstract":456,"tags":457},[27],[27],[441,443,27],{"code":445,"score":20,"supported":46,"title":459,"abstract":460,"tags":461},[440],[],[440],{"code":463,"score":103,"supported":46,"title":464,"abstract":465,"tags":467},"B7",[],[466],"温室",[],{"code":59,"score":22,"supported":14,"title":469,"abstract":470,"tags":471},[],[],[27],[473,474],"中国农科院西部中心 根结线虫 RNA干扰","MEKK-3 纳米载体 生物农药","中国农科院西部中心根结线虫RNA干扰-5210","2026-10-18T00:05:22.944664Z"]