[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"item-5068":3,"related-5068":98},{"id":4,"title":5,"url":6,"summary":7,"summary_zh":8,"content":9,"source_name":10,"source_url":6,"published_at":11,"category":12,"cover_url":9,"hotness":13,"is_selected":14,"score":15,"score_detail":16,"sources":24,"tags":26,"primary_topic":9,"secondary_topics":32,"classification":33,"search_phrases":66,"slug":69,"view_count":70,"doi":71,"paper":72,"created_at":97},5068,"Genomic plasticity, stress tolerance, and a distinctive pSymA in the symbiotic bacterium Sinorhizobium meliloti IRAMC:0087","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3389\u002Ffsufs.2026.1917758","Arid ecosystems promote the emergence of rhizobial strains adapted to severe abiotic stress while retaining symbiotic competence. Here, we characterize IRAMC:0087, a rhizobial strain isolated from root nodules of the Saharan shrub Calobota saharae in southern Tunisia. Phenotypic assays showed high tolerance to heat, salinity, and osmotic stress, together with plant growth-promoting traits including indole-3-acetic acid production, phosphate solubilization, and siderophore secretion. In vivo assays demonstrated effective nitrogen-fixing nodulation of Vachellia tortilis , whereas Medicago and Trifolium species were not nodulated despite growth promotion through non-symbiotic mechanisms. Confocal microscopy confirmed root colonization and nodule occupancy, indicating host-dependent infection behavior. To better understand the physiological behavior of this strain, its complete genome sequence was generated, revealing a 7.37 Mb circularized genome comprising five replicons: a 3.65 Mb chromosome, two megaplasmids corresponding to pSymA (0.59 Mb) and pSymB (1.67 Mb), and two accessory plasmids, with an overall GC content of 62%. Phylogenomic, Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI), and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) analyses assigned IRAMC:0087 to Sinorhizobium meliloti . However, comparative genomics revealed marked structural and functional divergence of pSymA_IRAMC:0087 from S. meliloti 1,021, with greater similarity to S. garamanticum and S. numidicum . NodC phylogeny placed the strain within symbiovar tunisiaense , consistent with its distinct host range. Genome annotation further identified determinants linked to stress tolerance, rhizosphere competitiveness, bioactive metabolite production, signaling, and symbiosis, including genes located on accessory plasmids. These findings highlight IRAMC:0087 as a desert-adapted rhizobium with distinctive symbiotic properties and strong ecological fitness, providing insights into rhizobial evolution in arid environments.","干旱生态系统促进了适应严重非生物胁迫且保留共生能力的根瘤菌菌株的产生。在此，我们对IRAMC:0087进行了表征，该菌株是从突尼斯南部撒哈拉灌木Calobota saharae的根瘤中分离得到的根瘤菌菌株。表型分析显示，该菌株对高温、盐度和渗透胁迫具有高度耐受性，并具有促进植物生长的特性，包括产生吲哚-3-乙酸、溶解磷酸盐和分泌铁载体。体内试验表明，该菌株能有效结瘤固氮于Vachellia tortilis，而Medicago和Trifolium物种虽通过非共生机制获得生长促进，却未被结瘤。共聚焦显微镜证实了根系定殖和根瘤占据，表明其感染行为具有宿主依赖性。为更好地理解该菌株的生理行为，我们生成了其完整基因组序列，揭示出一个7.37 Mb的环化基因组，包含五个复制子：一个3.65 Mb的染色体、两个分别对应pSymA（0.59 Mb）和pSymB（1.67 Mb）的大质粒，以及两个附属质粒，总体GC含量为62%。系统发育基因组学、平均核苷酸一致性（ANI）和数字DNA–DNA杂交（dDDH）分析将IRAMC:0087归属于Sinorhizobium meliloti。然而，比较基因组学揭示，pSymA_IRAMC:0087与S. meliloti 1,021相比存在显著的结构和功能分化，而与S. garamanticum和S. numidicum更为相似。NodC系统发育将该菌株置于symbiovar tunisiaense内，与其独特的宿主范围一致。基因组注释进一步鉴定出与胁迫耐受、根际竞争力、生物活性代谢物产生、信号传导和共生相关的决定因子，包括位于附属质粒上的基因。这些发现凸显了IRAMC:0087作为一种适应沙漠的根瘤菌，具有独特的共生特性和强大的生态适应度，为理解干旱环境中根瘤菌的进化提供了见解。",null,"Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems","2026-10-15T00:00:00Z","论文",10,false,70,{"impact":17,"substance":18,"depth":19,"authority":20,"freshness":21,"relevant":22,"comment":23},8,22,18,13,9,1,"沙漠适应型根瘤菌的全基因组与共生特性研究，方法扎实、数据完整，但属基础微生物学成果，产业影响有限。",[25],{"name":10,"url":6},[27,28,29,30,31],"生物固氮","基因组学","土壤微生物","根瘤菌","抗旱微生物",[],{"status":34,"locked":14,"version":35,"method":36,"evidence":37},"needs_review","2026-10-22.2","rules",{"candidates":38,"agricultural_evidence":14,"reason":65},[39,48,55,60],{"code":40,"score":41,"supported":42,"title":43,"abstract":44,"tags":47},"H2",7,true,[],[45,46],"根际","rhizosphere",[29],{"code":49,"score":50,"supported":42,"title":51,"abstract":52,"tags":54},"H7",3,[],[53],"干旱",[],{"code":56,"score":22,"supported":14,"title":57,"abstract":58,"tags":59},"F2",[],[],[28],{"code":61,"score":22,"supported":14,"title":62,"abstract":63,"tags":64},"F3",[],[],[27],"农业相关性需要复核",[67,68],"Sinorhizobium meliloti IRAMC:0087","撒哈拉 根瘤菌 基因组","SinorhizobiummelilotiIRAMC:0087-5068",0,"10.3389\u002Ffsufs.2026.1917758",{"doi":71,"openalex_id":73,"authors":74,"venue":10,"cited_by_count":70,"oa_url":89,"card":90,"direction":94,"ingested_from":96},"W7221879496",[75,78,80,83,86],{"name":76,"orcid":77},"Roukaya Ben Gaied","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0003-3959-0012",{"name":79,"orcid":9},"Clarisse Brígido",{"name":81,"orcid":82},"Sabhjeet Kaur","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0003-4122-7597",{"name":84,"orcid":85},"George Colin diCenzo","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0003-3889-6570",{"name":87,"orcid":88},"Imed Sbissi","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-5703-5760","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.frontiersin.org\u002Fjournals\u002Fsustainable-food-systems\u002Farticles\u002F10.3389\u002Ffsufs.2026.1917758\u002Fpdf",{"tldr":91,"method":92,"finding":93,"direction":94,"opportunity":95},"解析撒哈拉沙漠根瘤菌IRAMC:0087的基因组可塑性、抗逆性与独特共生质粒pSymA。","表型测定、共生接种、全基因组测序及比较基因组与系统发育分析。","该菌耐热耐盐耐渗透，共生质粒pSymA结构功能独特，宿主范围窄，属新共生变种。","农业绿色发展与碳","可挖掘沙漠根瘤菌抗逆基因资源，开发耐旱耐盐接种剂以提升旱区豆科固氮与碳汇。","openalex","2026-10-16T23:30:06.153655Z",{"total":99,"page":22,"page_size":99,"items":100},6,[101,200,260,306,406,506],{"id":102,"title":103,"url":104,"summary":105,"summary_zh":106,"content":9,"source_name":10,"source_url":104,"published_at":107,"category":12,"cover_url":9,"hotness":13,"is_selected":14,"score":108,"score_detail":109,"sources":113,"tags":115,"primary_topic":120,"secondary_topics":125,"classification":126,"search_phrases":171,"slug":174,"view_count":70,"doi":175,"paper":176,"created_at":199},5466,"Microbial and enzymatic response of soil to organic and natural management practices in chickpea-based cropping systems at the Satpura foothills","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3389\u002Ffsufs.2026.1814274","Inroduction Natural and organic farming systems are increasingly recognized as sustainable agroecological approaches that promote regenerative practices, ecological balance, and reduced reliance on external inputs. This study aimed to assess the effects of different nutrient management strategies on the soil enzymatic and biological properties of chickpea-based cropping systems. Methods A field experiment was conducted during the rabi seasons of 2022–23 and 2023–24 at the Centre for Organic Agriculture Research and Training, Department of Agronomy, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra, India. The experiment followed a strip-plot design with four replications. Four cropping systems were evaluated in a 2:2 row proportion: sole chickpea, chickpea intercropped with coriander, chickpea intercropped with linseed, and chickpea intercropped with sorghum. Three nutrient management strategies were assessed: organic farming, natural farming, and an integrated approach combining organic and natural farming inputs. Results Across both years, sole chickpea consistently supported greater soil biological activity than the intercropping systems. Compared with chickpea–sorghum intercropping under natural farming, sole chickpea managed using integrated organic and natural farming practices significantly increased soil nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium by 60%, 100%, and 192%, respectively. Fungal, bacterial, and actinomycete populations increased by 78.0%, 85.4%, and 109.8%, respectively. Soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen increased by 42.4% and 64.6%, respectively. Urease, dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, and alkaline phosphatase activities increased by 75.6%, 100%, 116.8%, and 42.4%, respectively. Among the nutrient management strategies, the integrated application of organic and natural farming inputs showed superior performance in improving soil biological properties compared with either approach alone. Discussion The findings indicate that sole chickpea combined with integrated organic and natural nutrient management can improve soil microbial populations, enzymatic activities, nutrient availability, and overall soil biological health. This management strategy may contribute to long-term soil fertility and sustainable agricultural production in Inceptisols of the Satpura foothill region of India under semi-arid conditions.","引言 自然农业与有机农业体系日益被视为可持续的农业生态方法，能够促进再生性实践、生态平衡并减少对外部投入的依赖。本研究旨在评估不同养分管理策略对鹰嘴豆（chickpea）种植体系土壤酶学及生物学特性的影响。方法 于2022—23年度和2023—24年度rabi季在印度马哈拉施特拉邦阿科拉市Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth农学系有机农业研究与培训中心开展田间试验。试验采用条区设计（strip-plot design），设4次重复。以2：2行比评估4种种植体系：鹰嘴豆单作、鹰嘴豆与芫荽间作、鹰嘴豆与亚麻间作、鹰嘴豆与高粱间作。评估3种养分管理策略：有机农业、自然农业以及有机与自然农业投入相结合的集成方式。结果 两年间，鹰嘴豆单作始终较间作体系支持更高的土壤生物学活性。与自然农业下的鹰嘴豆—高粱间作相比，采用有机与自然农业集成实践的鹰嘴豆单作使土壤氮、磷、钾分别显著提高60%、100%和192%；真菌、细菌和放线菌数量分别增加78.0%、85.4%和109.8%；土壤微生物生物量碳和氮分别增加42.4%和64.6%；脲酶、脱氢酶、酸性磷酸酶和碱性磷酸酶活性分别提高75.6%、100%、116.8%和42.4%。在养分管理策略中，有机与自然农业投入的集成施用较任一单一方式在改善土壤生物学特性方面表现更优。讨论 研究结果表明，鹰嘴豆单作结合有机与自然养分集成管理可改善土壤微生物种群、酶活性、养分有效性及整体土壤生物学健康。该管理策略可能有助于印度萨特普拉山麓地区半干旱条件下始成土（Inceptisols）的长期土壤肥力和可持续农业生产。","2026-10-20T00:00:00Z",69,{"impact":13,"substance":110,"depth":111,"authority":20,"freshness":21,"relevant":22,"comment":112},20,17,"田间试验数据扎实、结论明确，但属印度区域尺度的农学论文，对国内智慧农业主题页聚合价值有限，可作国际有机农业参考。",[114],{"name":10,"url":104},[116,117,118,29,119],"间作系统","有机农业","养分管理","鹰嘴豆",{"code":40,"slug":121,"name":122,"path":123,"parent_code":124},"soil","土壤健康与改良","\u002Ftopic\u002Fenvironment\u002Fsoil","H",[],{"status":127,"locked":14,"version":35,"method":36,"evidence":128},"classified",{"candidates":129,"agricultural_evidence":42},[130,136,143,150,155,161,167],{"code":40,"score":131,"supported":42,"title":132,"abstract":133,"tags":135},15,[121],[134,121],"土壤",[29],{"code":137,"score":99,"supported":42,"title":138,"abstract":139,"tags":142},"A5",[],[140,141],"高粱","sorghum",[],{"code":144,"score":99,"supported":42,"title":145,"abstract":146,"tags":149},"A7",[],[147,148],"间作","intercropping",[],{"code":61,"score":151,"supported":42,"title":152,"abstract":153,"tags":154},4,[],[118],[118],{"code":156,"score":151,"supported":42,"title":157,"abstract":158,"tags":160},"H8",[],[159],"可持续农业",[117],{"code":162,"score":50,"supported":42,"title":163,"abstract":164,"tags":166},"H6",[],[165],"农业生态",[],{"code":49,"score":50,"supported":42,"title":168,"abstract":169,"tags":170},[],[53],[],[172,173],"鹰嘴豆 有机农业 土壤微生物","Satpura 鹰嘴豆 间作","鹰嘴豆有机农业土壤微生物-5466","10.3389\u002Ffsufs.2026.1814274",{"doi":175,"openalex_id":177,"authors":178,"venue":10,"cited_by_count":70,"oa_url":193,"card":194,"direction":94,"ingested_from":96},"W7223012759",[179,181,183,185,187,189,191],{"name":180,"orcid":9},"Nalla Charitha",{"name":182,"orcid":9},"Adinath N. Paslawar",{"name":184,"orcid":9},"Vilas Kashinath Kharche",{"name":186,"orcid":9},"Madastu Saikrishna",{"name":188,"orcid":9},"Yogesh V. Ingle",{"name":190,"orcid":9},"Akanksha Singh",{"name":192,"orcid":9},"Anita B. Chorey","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.frontiersin.org\u002Fjournals\u002Fsustainable-food-systems\u002Farticles\u002F10.3389\u002Ffsufs.2026.1814274\u002Fpdf",{"tldr":195,"method":196,"finding":197,"direction":94,"opportunity":198},"比较有机与自然农法下鹰嘴豆种植体系对土壤微生物和酶活性的影响。","两年条区试验，4种种植体系×3种养分管理，测土壤微生物数量、生物量碳氮及酶活性。","单作鹰嘴豆配合有机+自然综合管理显著提升土壤养分、微生物数量与酶活性。","可探究综合有机-自然管理下微生物群落结构与碳固持的长期耦合机制。","2026-10-21T23:30:06.876518Z",{"id":201,"title":202,"url":203,"summary":204,"summary_zh":9,"content":205,"source_name":206,"source_url":9,"published_at":11,"category":207,"cover_url":9,"hotness":13,"is_selected":42,"score":208,"score_detail":209,"sources":212,"tags":214,"primary_topic":219,"secondary_topics":225,"classification":231,"search_phrases":255,"slug":258,"view_count":22,"doi":9,"paper":9,"created_at":259},5340,"中国农科院蔬菜花卉所破解白菜甘蓝蔬菜驯化秘密 揭示亚基因组关系 Nature Genetics","http:\u002F\u002Fwww.fxbwd.com\u002F18511.html","中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所王晓武科研团队对白菜和甘蓝两类芸薹属作物的驯化进行了深入研究,揭示了驯化与古多倍化形成的亚基因组的关系,相关研究结果于 8 月 15 日在线发表于 Nature Genetics 上。研究完成了白菜和甘蓝类蔬菜作物代表材料的基因组重测序,构建了白菜和甘蓝类蔬菜的群体基因组变异图谱,分别确定了一大批白菜和甘蓝叶球形成与膨大根(茎)驯化选择的基因组信号与相关基因,为加快白菜类与甘蓝类蔬菜分子育种奠定了重要基础。","![Image 1](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.fxbwd.com\u002Fstatic\u002Ffx\u002Fimages\u002Ffanhui.png)\n\n![Image 2](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.fxbwd.com\u002Fstatic\u002Ffx\u002Fimages\u002Flogosmall.png)\n\n![Image 3](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.fxbwd.com\u002Fstatic\u002Ffx\u002Fimages\u002Fsearch.png)\n\n*   [首页](http:\u002F\u002Fwww.fxbwd.com\u002F)\n*   [资讯](http:\u002F\u002Fwww.fxbwd.com\u002Fzixun\u002F \"资讯\")\n*   [政策](http:\u002F\u002Fwww.fxbwd.com\u002Fzhengce\u002F \"政策\")\n*   [农机](http:\u002F\u002Fwww.fxbwd.com\u002Fnongji\u002F \"农机\")\n*   [化肥](http:\u002F\u002Fwww.fxbwd.com\u002Fhuafei\u002F \"化肥\")\n*   [农药](http:\u002F\u002Fwww.fxbwd.com\u002Fnongyao\u002F \"农药\")\n*   [花生价格](http:\u002F\u002Fwww.fxbwd.com\u002Fhuashengjiage\u002F \"花生价格\")\n*   [玉米价格](http:\u002F\u002Fwww.fxbwd.com\u002Fyumijiage\u002F \"玉米价格\")\n*   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4](http:\u002F\u002Fcss.coffeecdn.com\u002Fad\u002Fmkad.jpg)\n\n[FX农业网](http:\u002F\u002Fwww.fxbwd.com\u002F \" FX农业网\")\n\n*   **[首页](http:\u002F\u002Fwww.fxbwd.com\u002F)**\n*   **[FX农业网](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.fxbwd.com\u002F \" FX农业网“ target=\")**\n\n[FX农业网](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.fxbwd.com\u002F \"FX农业网\")>[综合资讯](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.fxbwd.com\u002Flist-108)>\n\n# 我国科学家破解蔬菜驯化的秘密\n\n来源：农讯网 作者：农讯网编辑  2026-10-20[我要评论](http:\u002F\u002Fwww.fxbwd.com\u002F18511.html#cm)\n\n## 2026年10月20日更新报导，我国科学家破解蔬菜驯化的秘密\n\n FX农业网 10月20日报导。\n\n中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所王晓武科研团队，对白菜和甘蓝两类芸薹属作物的驯化进行了深入研究，揭示了驯化与古多倍化形成的亚基因组的关系，相关研究结果于8月15日在线发表于《自然·遗传》（NatureGenetics）上。\n\n为了解开上述谜题，王晓武研究员团队完成了白菜和甘蓝类蔬菜作物代表材料的基因组重测序，构建了白菜和甘蓝类蔬菜的群体基因组变异图谱。分别确定了一大批白菜和甘蓝叶球形成与膨大根（茎）驯化选择的基因组信号与相关的基因。研究获得了白菜和甘蓝类蔬菜作物全基因组的大量变异，确定了一批与白菜类和甘蓝类蔬菜叶球形成和根（茎）膨大有关的重要基因，为加快白菜类与甘蓝类蔬菜分子育种奠定了重要基础。(据《人民日报》)\n\n本站推荐: 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[蝴蝶兰叶片不亮怎么回事呢？蝴蝶兰叶子用什么擦叶子油亮？](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.fxbwd.com\u002F152783.html \"蝴蝶兰叶片不亮怎么回事呢？蝴蝶兰叶子用什么擦叶子油亮？\")\n*   [蝴蝶兰外面的塑料杯要拿掉吗？蝴蝶兰为什么用透明塑料杯养护？](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.fxbwd.com\u002F152782.html \"蝴蝶兰外面的塑料杯要拿掉吗？蝴蝶兰为什么用透明塑料杯养护？\")\n*   [蝴蝶兰花瓣有小煤点怎么处理呢？蝴蝶兰花朵上有黑点是什么原因？](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.fxbwd.com\u002F152781.html \"蝴蝶兰花瓣有小煤点怎么处理呢？蝴蝶兰花朵上有黑点是什么原因？\")\n\n[](http:\u002F\u002Fwww.fxbwd.com\u002F18511.html)\n\n[关于我们](http:\u002F\u002Fwww.fxbwd.com\u002Fabout\u002Faboutus.html)[商务合作](http:\u002F\u002Fwww.fxbwd.com\u002Fabout\u002Fpartner.html)[网站地图](http:\u002F\u002Fwww.fxbwd.com\u002Fsitemap.xml)[投稿登录](http:\u002F\u002Fwww.fxbwd.com\u002Fmember)\n\nCopyright ©2014-2022 www.fxbwd.com FX农业网","中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 2026-10-15","报道",87,{"impact":210,"substance":18,"depth":19,"authority":131,"freshness":99,"relevant":22,"comment":211},26,"国家级科研机构在Nature Genetics发表的白菜甘蓝驯化与亚基因组关系研究，属种业基础研究重大突破，专业性与权威性俱佳，值得进入每日精选。",[213],{"name":206,"url":203},[215,216,217,28,218],"种质资源","蔬菜种业","农业科技","白菜甘蓝",{"code":220,"slug":221,"name":222,"path":223,"parent_code":224},"B1","vegetables","蔬菜","\u002Ftopic\u002Fhorticulture\u002Fvegetables","B",[226],{"code":227,"slug":228,"name":229,"path":230,"parent_code":224},"B4","flowers","花卉与观赏植物","\u002Ftopic\u002Fhorticulture\u002Fflowers",{"status":127,"locked":14,"version":35,"method":36,"evidence":232},{"candidates":233,"agricultural_evidence":42},[234,239,245,250],{"code":220,"score":18,"supported":42,"title":235,"abstract":237,"tags":238},[222,236],"甘蓝",[222,236],[],{"code":227,"score":240,"supported":42,"title":241,"abstract":243,"tags":244},11,[242],"花卉",[242],[],{"code":56,"score":151,"supported":42,"title":246,"abstract":247,"tags":249},[],[248],"分子育种",[28],{"code":251,"score":22,"supported":14,"title":252,"abstract":253,"tags":254},"F1",[],[],[215],[256,257],"中国农科院蔬菜花卉所 白菜甘蓝 基因组","Nature Genetics 蔬菜驯化 亚基因组","中国农科院蔬菜花卉所白菜甘蓝基因组-5340","2026-10-20T02:47:43.668868Z",{"id":261,"title":262,"url":263,"summary":264,"summary_zh":9,"content":265,"source_name":266,"source_url":9,"published_at":11,"category":207,"cover_url":9,"hotness":13,"is_selected":42,"score":267,"score_detail":268,"sources":270,"tags":272,"primary_topic":9,"secondary_topics":277,"classification":278,"search_phrases":301,"slug":304,"view_count":70,"doi":9,"paper":9,"created_at":305},5262,"人民日报刊发《为\"植物生命之树\"绘制全景图》:AI实现跨物种基因注释工作缩短到几天","https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fmtxw\u002Fb031e70667f344b09a793e0c695e38b5.htm","人民日报\"院士讲科普\"刊发关于\"植物星球计划\"的科普文章,介绍AI可实现跨物种高通量、标准化、自动化基因注释,把原本需要数月才能完成的工作缩短到几天、整体准确率可稳定在较高水平;通过系统发育信息的\"望远镜\"和群体基因组的\"显微镜\"把\"大海捞针\"变成\"精准导航\",为下一代作物育种提供重要公共产品。","以小麦为例，小麦是三大主粮之一，也是我国保障粮食安全的重要作物。但过去100多年，小麦育种沿用的是传统杂交选育模式，育成一个稳定的品种要8—12年，且品种遗传基础狭窄，抗病、抗逆能力持续退化。这一问题的根源在于，经过数千年的人工选育，我们筛掉了不符合人类需求的性状，同时也丢弃了大量小麦野生近缘种里的优异基因。数据显示，现代栽培小麦的遗传多样性，不到野生近缘种的30%，大量抗锈病、抗赤霉病、抗旱、耐盐碱的基因都藏在野生种里。但过去没有这些野生种的完整基因组，想要找到一个可用的抗病基因，往往要花5—8年甚至更久。借助“植物生命之树”全景图，科学家既能锁定目标优异基因，还能打开野生植物的遗传宝库，从而充分挖掘小麦基因潜力，做到高效育种。\n\n随着植物星球计划的推进，未来我们将拥有一个理解、保护和利用植物生命的基础性操作平台。它将把植物从“熟悉的陌生人”变成我们真正理解的“生命伙伴”。","中国农业科学院(2026-10-15)",86,{"impact":210,"substance":18,"depth":111,"authority":131,"freshness":99,"relevant":22,"comment":269},"国家级科研机构主导的跨物种基因注释突破，兼具产业价值与科普意义，值得进入每日精选。",[271],{"name":266,"url":263},[273,274,275,28,276],"农业人工智能","种业振兴","小麦育种","植物星球计划",[],{"status":279,"locked":14,"version":35,"method":36,"evidence":280},"unclassified",{"candidates":281,"agricultural_evidence":42,"reason":300},[282,287,291,295],{"code":283,"score":22,"supported":14,"title":284,"abstract":285,"tags":286},"A2",[],[],[275],{"code":251,"score":22,"supported":14,"title":288,"abstract":289,"tags":290},[],[],[274],{"code":56,"score":22,"supported":14,"title":292,"abstract":293,"tags":294},[],[],[28],{"code":296,"score":22,"supported":14,"title":297,"abstract":298,"tags":299},"I2",[],[],[273],"缺少足够的主题证据",[302,303],"植物星球计划 基因注释","中国农科院 小麦 基因组","植物星球计划基因注释-5262","2026-10-19T00:07:39.788717Z",{"id":307,"title":308,"url":309,"summary":310,"summary_zh":311,"content":9,"source_name":10,"source_url":309,"published_at":312,"category":12,"cover_url":9,"hotness":13,"is_selected":14,"score":313,"score_detail":314,"sources":318,"tags":320,"primary_topic":325,"secondary_topics":330,"classification":331,"search_phrases":364,"slug":367,"view_count":70,"doi":368,"paper":369,"created_at":405},4873,"Cover plants fixed large amounts of atmospheric N, contributing to the N balance in irrigated fruit crops in the Brazilian semiarid region","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3389\u002Ffsufs.2026.1923393","Introduction Cover crops, or cover plants, especially legumes, can counterbalance the depletion in soil organic matter, the low supply of nitrogen from the organic reserves and the losses of the inorganic fertilizers in irrigated fruit crops. Methods We tested two cover crop mixtures, one with more and the other with less legume proportions, and one treatment where the spontaneous weeds were left to grow, before planting melon or intercropping in a mango orchard. Biomass of the cover crops and the weeds were cut and incorporated or left on the soil surface. Results In general, incorporation or surface placement did not significantly differ. The cover crop aboveground biomass production in the mixtures varied from 5.82 to 11.95 Mg ha −1 y −1 while the spontaneous weeds biomass varied from 2.18 to 6.56 Mg ha −1 y −1 . The N contents of the cover crop mixtures varied from 125 to 333 kg ha −1 y −1 , while those of the spontaneous weeds from 25 to 160 kg ha −1 y −1 . The N fixation varied from 56 to 106 kg ha −1 y −1 in the cover crop mixtures and from 17 to 102 kg ha −1 y −1 in the spontaneous weeds. Discussion These amounts are of the same order as those exported with the fruits. Thus, cover crops, especially those with high legume proportions, are promising practices in tropical irrigated fruit production system, deserving further agronomic and economic studies to validate their recommendation to producers.","引言 覆盖作物或覆盖植物，尤其是豆科植物，可以抵消灌溉果树作物中土壤有机质的耗竭、有机储备氮供应不足以及无机肥料损失的问题。方法 我们在种植甜瓜或在芒果园中间作之前，测试了两种覆盖作物混播组合，一种豆科比例较高，另一种豆科比例较低，并设置了一个让自然杂草生长的处理。覆盖作物和杂草的生物量被刈割后翻压或留在土壤表面。结果 总体而言，翻压或表面覆盖之间没有显著差异。混播组合中覆盖作物的地上部生物量产量在5.82至11.95 Mg ha⁻¹ y⁻¹之间变化，而自然杂草生物量在2.18至6.56 Mg ha⁻¹ y⁻¹之间变化。覆盖作物混播组合的氮含量在125至333 kg ha⁻¹ y⁻¹之间变化，而自然杂草的氮含量在25至160 kg ha⁻¹ y⁻¹之间变化。覆盖作物混播组合的固氮量在56至106 kg ha⁻¹ y⁻¹之间变化，自然杂草的固氮量在17至102 kg ha⁻¹ y⁻¹之间变化。讨论 这些数量与果实带走的养分量处于同一数量级。因此，覆盖作物，尤其是豆科比例较高的覆盖作物，是热带灌溉水果生产体系中具有前景的实践措施，值得进一步开展农艺学和经济学研究，以验证其向生产者推广的可行性。","2026-10-13T00:00:00Z",72,{"impact":315,"substance":316,"depth":111,"authority":20,"freshness":21,"relevant":22,"comment":317},12,21,"巴西半干旱区灌溉果园覆盖作物固氮的实测数据扎实，对绿肥与果园土壤管理有参考价值，但属区域性研究，未达每日精选门槛。",[319],{"name":10,"url":309},[27,321,322,323,324],"绿肥覆盖作物","果园生草","热带灌溉农业","土壤培肥",{"code":326,"slug":327,"name":328,"path":329,"parent_code":224},"B2","fruit","果树","\u002Ftopic\u002Fhorticulture\u002Ffruit",[],{"status":127,"locked":14,"version":35,"method":36,"evidence":332},{"candidates":333,"agricultural_evidence":42},[334,340,344,348,353,358],{"code":326,"score":21,"supported":42,"title":335,"abstract":336,"tags":339},[],[328,337,338],"芒果","orchard",[],{"code":144,"score":99,"supported":42,"title":341,"abstract":342,"tags":343},[],[147,148],[],{"code":40,"score":99,"supported":42,"title":345,"abstract":346,"tags":347},[],[134,121],[],{"code":61,"score":151,"supported":42,"title":349,"abstract":350,"tags":352},[],[351],"肥料",[27],{"code":220,"score":50,"supported":42,"title":354,"abstract":355,"tags":357},[],[356],"甜瓜",[],{"code":359,"score":50,"supported":42,"title":360,"abstract":361,"tags":363},"H3",[],[362],"灌溉",[],[365,366],"巴西半干旱区 覆盖作物 固氮","灌溉果园 豆科覆盖作物 氮平衡","巴西半干旱区覆盖作物固氮-4873","10.3389\u002Ffsufs.2026.1923393",{"doi":368,"openalex_id":370,"authors":371,"venue":10,"cited_by_count":70,"oa_url":309,"card":400,"direction":94,"ingested_from":96},"W7221637808",[372,375,377,379,382,384,387,390,392,395,397],{"name":373,"orcid":374},"Renata Janaína Carvalho de Souza","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-0901-456X",{"name":376,"orcid":9},"Vanderlise Giongo",{"name":378,"orcid":9},"Plínio Barbosa de Camargo",{"name":380,"orcid":381},"Jéssica Rafaella de Sousa Oliveira","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-1882-2630",{"name":383,"orcid":9},"Edilândia Farias DANTAS",{"name":385,"orcid":386},"Juscélia da Silva Ferreira","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0003-3932-3264",{"name":388,"orcid":389},"Cybelle Souza de Oliveira","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-1060-3740",{"name":391,"orcid":9},"Jessyca Adriana Gomes Florêncio da Silva",{"name":393,"orcid":394},"Paulo Ivan Fernandes‐Júnior","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-6390-3720",{"name":396,"orcid":9},"Everardo Valadares de Sá Barretto Sampaio",{"name":398,"orcid":399},"Ana Dolores Santiago de Freitas","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0001-5808-097X",{"tldr":401,"method":402,"finding":403,"direction":94,"opportunity":404},"在巴西半干旱灌溉果园测试覆盖作物，发现其固氮量可抵消果实氮输出。","两种豆科比例不同的覆盖作物混播与自然杂草对比，测定生物量和固氮量。","覆盖作物固氮56-106 kg\u002Fha\u002F年，与果实氮输出相当，高豆科比例效果更佳。","可研究覆盖作物固氮与温室气体减排的协同效应，并开展长期经济可行性评估。","2026-10-14T23:30:07.161110Z",{"id":407,"title":408,"url":409,"summary":410,"summary_zh":411,"content":9,"source_name":412,"source_url":409,"published_at":413,"category":12,"cover_url":9,"hotness":13,"is_selected":14,"score":414,"score_detail":415,"sources":419,"tags":421,"primary_topic":9,"secondary_topics":426,"classification":427,"search_phrases":475,"slug":478,"view_count":22,"doi":479,"paper":480,"created_at":505},4447,"Microbiomes of soils and leafy vegetables in urban agriculture systems reflect crop management and local environmental conditions","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1128\u002Faem.01551-26","ABSTRACT Soil and plant microbiomes influence crop quality and preharvest food safety, yet these processes have been largely unexplored in urban agriculture environments. Here, we investigated how the microbiota of soil and leafy greens (e.g., kale, lettuce, chard, and cabbage) interact with site-specific management practices and environmental conditions across seven urban agriculture sites in the greater Washington, DC, area. Samples of leaf tissue ( n = 92), rhizosphere soil ( n = 92), and “native” or bulk soil ( n = 39) were collected and analyzed with 16S rRNA gene and ITS2 genomic region amplicon sequencing. Microbial community composition varied significantly across sites for all sample types, as influenced by irrigation water source (i.e., municipal vs natural water), crop type, soil pH, soil moisture content, and climatic conditions (i.e., rainfall, temperature). Rhizosphere soils harbored the most bacterial taxa known to respond to organic inputs (e.g., Massilia and various members of Firmicutes and Verrucomicrobiota ), whereas fungal networks dominated by saprotrophic members of Ascomycota were more stable in the bulk soils. Source-tracking analysis indicated that the phyllosphere microbiota, although variable and transient in composition, were largely derived from the rhizosphere soil. Notably, leafy greens at some sites were enriched with taxa associated with biocontrol potential (e.g., Lactobacillaceae ). Moreover, machine learning models yielded strong performance in predicting specific production sites based on the bacterial communities in the rhizosphere and phyllosphere, suggesting possible microbiome-based applications for food traceability. Collectively, these findings demonstrate how local environments and crop management practices shape preharvest leafy green microbiomes in urban production. IMPORTANCE Urban farming and gardening are rapidly expanding to support local communities and enhance food security, yet these small-scale food systems are often established in uniquely developed landscapes and with resource-dependent operations. This study shows that complex site-specific factors influence the soil and leafy green microbiomes in urban agriculture systems. Our findings have important implications for future efforts in targeted farm management to enhance sustainable production and preharvest food safety.","摘要 土壤和植物微生物组影响作物品质和采前食品安全，然而这些过程在城市农业环境中很大程度上尚未被探索。在此，我们研究了华盛顿特区大都会地区七个城市农业站点中，土壤和叶菜类蔬菜（如羽衣甘蓝、生菜、甜菜和卷心菜）的微生物群如何与站点特定的管理措施和环境条件相互作用。我们采集了叶片组织（n = 92）、根际土壤（n = 92）以及“原生”或 bulk 土壤（n = 39）样本，并通过16S rRNA基因和ITS2基因组区域扩增子测序进行分析。所有样本类型的微生物群落组成在各站点间均存在显著差异，受到灌溉水源（即市政用水与自然水源）、作物类型、土壤pH、土壤含水量和气候条件（即降雨量、温度）的影响。根际土壤中富含已知响应有机投入的细菌类群（如Massilia以及Firmicutes和Verrucomicrobiota的多个成员），而以子囊菌门（Ascomycota）腐生成员为主的真菌网络在bulk土壤中更为稳定。来源追踪分析表明，叶际微生物群虽然组成多变且短暂，但主要来源于根际土壤。值得注意的是，某些站点的叶菜类蔬菜中富集了与生物防治潜力相关的类群（如乳杆菌科Lactobacillaceae）。此外，机器学习模型在基于根际和叶际细菌群落预测特定生产站点方面表现出强劲性能，这提示了基于微生物组的食品溯源应用的可能性。总体而言，这些发现表明局部环境和作物管理措施如何塑造城市生产中采前叶菜类蔬菜微生物组。重要性 城市农业和园艺正在迅速扩展，以支持当地社区和增强粮食安全，然而这些小型食品系统往往建立在独特开发景观中，并依赖资源型运营。本研究表明，复杂的站点特定因素影响城市农业系统中的土壤和叶菜类蔬菜微生物组。我们的发现对未来开展针对性农场管理以增强可持续生产和采前食品安全具有重要意义。","Applied and Environmental Microbiology","2026-10-07T00:00:00Z",78,{"impact":416,"substance":18,"depth":19,"authority":417,"freshness":17,"relevant":22,"comment":418},16,14,"研究揭示都市农业中土壤与叶菜微生物组受管理方式与本地环境影响，并展示基于微生物组的食品溯源潜力，方法扎实、结论有新意，对都市农业与食品安全有参考价值。",[420],{"name":412,"url":409},[422,423,424,29,425],"机器学习","都市农业","食品安全","叶菜",[],{"status":34,"locked":14,"version":35,"method":36,"evidence":428},{"candidates":429,"agricultural_evidence":42,"reason":474},[430,437,441,446,451,458,463,469],{"code":431,"score":13,"supported":42,"title":432,"abstract":433,"tags":436},"E4",[],[424,434,435],"food safety","food traceability",[424],{"code":40,"score":13,"supported":42,"title":438,"abstract":439,"tags":440},[],[134,45,121,46],[29],{"code":220,"score":21,"supported":42,"title":442,"abstract":443,"tags":445},[],[222,444,236],"生菜",[],{"code":296,"score":41,"supported":42,"title":447,"abstract":448,"tags":450},[],[422,449],"machine learning",[422],{"code":452,"score":99,"supported":42,"title":453,"abstract":454,"tags":457},"A8",[],[455,456],"粮食安全","food security",[],{"code":359,"score":99,"supported":42,"title":459,"abstract":460,"tags":462},[],[362,461],"irrigation",[],{"code":464,"score":50,"supported":42,"title":465,"abstract":466,"tags":468},"F4",[],[467],"生物防治",[],{"code":470,"score":22,"supported":14,"title":471,"abstract":472,"tags":473},"B7",[],[],[423],"多个产业证据相当，需要确认主归属",[476,477],"华盛顿都市农业 叶菜 微生物","根际土壤 叶际微生物 溯源","华盛顿都市农业叶菜微生物-4447","10.1128\u002Faem.01551-26",{"doi":479,"openalex_id":481,"authors":482,"venue":412,"cited_by_count":70,"oa_url":409,"card":499,"direction":503,"ingested_from":96},"W7220832236",[483,486,488,490,493,496],{"name":484,"orcid":485},"Mai‐Rui Gao","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0001-9331-7389",{"name":487,"orcid":9},"Qingyue Zeng",{"name":489,"orcid":9},"Kevin Lam",{"name":491,"orcid":492},"Magaly Toro","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-6280-2215",{"name":494,"orcid":495},"Shirley Ann Micallef","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0003-0041-2139",{"name":497,"orcid":498},"Ryan A. Blaustein","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0001-8879-7453",{"tldr":500,"method":501,"finding":502,"direction":503,"opportunity":504},"研究城市农业中土壤与叶菜微生物组如何受管理措施和局地环境影响。","对7个城市农场土壤和叶菜样本进行16S rRNA和ITS2扩增子测序及机器学习分","微生物组成随地点、灌溉水源、作物和气候显著变化，叶际菌群主要源自根际，可用于溯源。","农业人工智能与决策模型","可探索基于微生物组的城市农产品溯源与精准管理模型，结合多组学提升预测鲁棒性。","2026-10-08T23:30:50.350801Z",{"id":507,"title":508,"url":509,"summary":510,"summary_zh":9,"content":511,"source_name":512,"source_url":9,"published_at":513,"category":207,"cover_url":9,"hotness":13,"is_selected":42,"score":267,"score_detail":514,"sources":519,"tags":521,"primary_topic":526,"secondary_topics":532,"classification":533,"search_phrases":554,"slug":557,"view_count":151,"doi":9,"paper":9,"created_at":558},4391,"中国农科院油料所李培武院士团队 ARC 生物耦合技术为大豆绿色增产注入新动能","https:\u002F\u002Fnews.sciencenet.cn\u002Fhtmlnews\u002F2026\u002F10\u002F572496.shtm","中国农科院油料所李培武院士团队历经 20 余年攻关研发的 ARC 生物耦合技术,在内蒙古兴安盟科右前旗 3.9 万亩示范片开展测产,千亩方平均亩产 265.49 公斤,较对照田块增产 17.40%,大豆最高亩产突破 298.7 公斤创当地大面积种植高产纪录;技术使农田氧化亚氮减排 50.7%,相关产品 2026 年全国推广面积超 1000 万亩。","红峰村连续3年的试验示范结果表明，ARC生物耦合技术为解决连作重茬危害提供了技术路径。该技术诱导大豆结瘤固氮除供当季大豆生长外，还有约30%的氮素留存土壤，能够持续活化土壤养分、改良土壤团粒结构、调节土壤pH值、丰富有益微生物种群，促进土壤有机质稳步提升。该技术的实施不仅显著改善大豆品质，还让重茬导致的病害大幅减轻，实现了用地、养地、提质的良性循环。\n\n辽宁省彰武县农业发展服务中心技术部副部长曹友文介绍，ARC生物耦合技术在提升单产的同时能够有效减少化肥使用。彰武县麦豆轮作应用ARC菌剂后，复合肥用量由每亩60斤降至30~45斤。\n\n该技术减排生态效益同样可观。据中国农科院双碳团队实测数据显示，该技术可使农田氧化亚氮减排达50.7%，每万亩大豆田块每年碳减排达1800吨，相当于新增9000亩林地碳汇能力。\n\nARC生物耦合技术2023年以来连续入选全国农业主推技术，2024年被遴选为全国农业十大重大引领性技术，并获第十四届中国创新创业大赛颠覆性技术创新大赛总决赛最高奖和湖北专利奖金奖。2026年ARC生物耦合技术相关产品在全国推广应用面积已超过1000万亩。\n\n版权声明：凡本网注明“来源：中国科学报、科学网、科学新闻杂志”的所有作品，网站转载，请在正文上方注明来源和作者，且不得对内容作实质性改动；微信公众号、头条号等新媒体平台，转载请联系授权。邮箱：shouquan@stimes.cn。","中国科学报 2026-10-04","2026-10-04T00:00:00Z",{"impact":515,"substance":516,"depth":111,"authority":417,"freshness":517,"relevant":22,"comment":518},27,23,5,"国家级团队技术，含减排50.7%、推广超1000万亩等硬数据，产业级突破值得精选。",[520],{"name":512,"url":509},[522,27,523,524,525],"大豆","化肥减量","农业减排","绿色增产",{"code":527,"slug":528,"name":529,"path":530,"parent_code":531},"A4","soybean-oilseeds","大豆与油料","\u002Ftopic\u002Ffield-crops\u002Fsoybean-oilseeds","A",[],{"status":127,"locked":14,"version":35,"method":36,"evidence":534},{"candidates":535,"agricultural_evidence":42},[536,540,545,550],{"code":527,"score":315,"supported":42,"title":537,"abstract":538,"tags":539},[522],[522],[522],{"code":61,"score":541,"supported":14,"title":542,"abstract":543,"tags":544},2,[],[],[523,27],{"code":546,"score":22,"supported":14,"title":547,"abstract":548,"tags":549},"H4",[],[],[524],{"code":156,"score":22,"supported":14,"title":551,"abstract":552,"tags":553},[],[],[525],[555,556],"ARC生物耦合技术 大豆","李培武 大豆 固氮","ARC生物耦合技术大豆-4391","2026-10-08T00:06:56.168884Z"]