[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"item-510":3,"related-510":62},{"id":4,"title":5,"url":6,"summary":7,"summary_zh":8,"content":9,"source_name":10,"source_url":8,"published_at":11,"category":12,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":14,"score":15,"score_detail":16,"sources":23,"tags":25,"primary_topic":31,"secondary_topics":37,"classification":38,"search_phrases":56,"slug":59,"view_count":60,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":61},510,"Pangenome-guided breeding restores high-altitude adaptation and improves yield in Tartary buckwheat","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cell.com\u002Fcell\u002Ffulltext\u002FS0092-8674(26)00867-6","中国农业科学院作物科学研究所周美亮研究员、兰州大学刘建全教授、中国农业科学院刘旭院士等团队合作,在国际顶尖期刊Cell发表苦荞泛基因组研究。研究构建鞑靼荞麦(苦荞)的泛基因组,鉴定到赋予高海拔适应性的野生特有基因FtRNH以及调控种子大小的FtPLATZ基因结构变异。通过整合这些优良等位基因,培育出具有更强高海拔适应性和更高田间产量的荞麦品系,在高海拔条件下较对照品种增产约25%。该研究为弥补高海拔作物育种空白、提高喜马拉雅地区作物产量提供科学依据。",null,"## Highlights\n\n•\n\nStructural variations are diverse between wild buckwheat and landraces\n\n•\n\nThe presence of _FtRNH_ in wild accessions is associated with high-altitude adaptability\n\n•\n\nStructural variations in _FtPLATZ_ are linked to seed-size variations\n\n•\n\nAn ideal highland buckwheat is developed by integrating superior alleles\n\n## Summary\n\nTartary buckwheat is a nutritionally important crop of the Himalayas and is crucial for local economies and food security. However, key genes and superior alleles for high-altitude adaptability and yield remain poorly defined, constraining the breeding of high-altitude buckwheat varieties. Here, we generated a telomere-to-telomere reference genome and a 16-accession pangenome spanning Himalayan wild populations and globally distributed landraces. We identified 123,131 non-redundant structural variations in 16 accessions, including gene copy-number variations. The graph-based pangenome revealed _FtRNH_, a wild-specific gene that enhances high-altitude adaptability. We also identified a copy-number variation at the _FtPLATZ_ locus and a 28-bp insertion in the _FtPLATZ3_ promoter that together contribute to seed-size variation across wild buckwheat and landraces. Leveraging these superior _FtRNH_ and _FtPLATZ_ alleles, we developed buckwheat lines with enhanced high-altitude adaptability and improved yields across sites. These findings establish a pangenome-guided strategy for recovering wild alleles and combining stress adaptation with yield improvement in crops.\n\n## Graphical abstract\n\n[![Image 1: Graphical abstract undfig1](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cell.com\u002Fcms\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.cell.2026.07.035\u002Fasset\u002F80aae474-ddc8-4bf8-b4f6-f1785f4a7e67\u002Fmain.assets\u002Fga1.jpg)](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cell.com\u002Fcms\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.cell.2026.07.035\u002Fasset\u002F7fe20e85-06aa-4295-abf7-e5e9111a7185\u002Fmain.assets\u002Fga1_lrg.jpg \"View full size image in a new tab\")\n\n## Keywords\n\n1.   [buckwheat](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cell.com\u002Faction\u002FdoSearch?AllField=%22buckwheat%22&ISSN=0092-8674)\n2.   [pangenome](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cell.com\u002Faction\u002FdoSearch?AllField=%22pangenome%22&ISSN=0092-8674)\n3.   [genetic breeding](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cell.com\u002Faction\u002FdoSearch?AllField=%22genetic+breeding%22&ISSN=0092-8674)\n4.   [high-altitude adaptation](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cell.com\u002Faction\u002FdoSearch?AllField=%22high-altitude+adaptation%22&ISSN=0092-8674)\n5.   [Himalayan region](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cell.com\u002Faction\u002FdoSearch?AllField=%22Himalayan+region%22&ISSN=0092-8674)\n\n[![Image 2: Cell home. Opens in new tab](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cell.com\u002Fpb-assets\u002Fux3\u002Flogos\u002Fcell\u002Fpaywall\u002Fcell_paywall-1758214380777.svg)](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cell.com\u002Faction\u002FShowMarlinJournalHome?journalCode=cell \"Cell home. 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Biotechnol._ 2018; **36**:875-879\n\n92.\n\nChen, H. ∙ Patterson, N. ∙ Reich, D.\n\n**Population differentiation as a test for selective sweeps**\n\n_Genome Res._ 2010; **20**:393-402\n\n93.\n\nJones, P. ∙ Binns, D. ∙ Chang, H.Y. ...\n\n**InterProScan 5: genome-scale protein function classification**\n\n_Bioinformatics._ 2014; **30**:1236-1240\n\n94.\n\nKatoh, K. ∙ Standley, D.M.\n\n**MAFFT multiple sequence alignment software version 7: improvements in performance and usability**\n\n_Mol. Biol. Evol._ 2013; **30**:772-780\n\n95.\n\nCapella-Gutiérrez, S. ∙ Silla-Martínez, J.M. ∙ Gabaldón, T.\n\n**trimAl: a tool for automated alignment trimming in large-scale phylogenetic analyses**\n\n_Bioinformatics._ 2009; **25**:1972-1973\n\n96.\n\nNguyen, L.T. ∙ Schmidt, H.A. ∙ von Haeseler, A. ...\n\n**IQ-TREE: a fast and effective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum-likelihood phylogenies**\n\n_Mol. Biol. Evol._ 2015; **32**:268-274\n\n97.\n\nZhou, X. ∙ Stephens, M.\n\n**Genome-wide efficient mixed-model analysis for association studies**\n\n_Nat. Genet._ 2012; **44**:821-824\n\n98.\n\nChen, S. ∙ Zhou, Y. ∙ Chen, Y. ...\n\n**fastp: an ultra-fast all-in-one","Cell 2026-08-11","2026-08-10T16:00:00Z","论文",10,true,93,{"impact":17,"substance":17,"depth":18,"authority":19,"freshness":20,"relevant":21,"comment":22},25,20,15,8,1,"苦荞泛基因组研究重大突破，为高海拔适应性育种提供新策略，发表于Cell，具有重要农业科技价值。",[24],{"name":10,"url":6},[26,27,28,29,30],"中国农科院","泛基因组","苦荞","Cell","高海拔适应",{"code":32,"slug":33,"name":34,"path":35,"parent_code":36},"A5","tubers-grains","薯类与杂粮","\u002Ftopic\u002Ffield-crops\u002Ftubers-grains","A",[],{"status":39,"locked":40,"version":41,"method":42,"evidence":43},"classified",false,"2026-10-22.2","rules",{"candidates":44,"agricultural_evidence":14},[45,51],{"code":32,"score":46,"supported":14,"title":47,"abstract":48,"tags":50},4,[],[49],"荞麦",[28],{"code":52,"score":21,"supported":40,"title":53,"abstract":54,"tags":55},"F2",[],[],[27],[57,58],"中国农科院 高海拔适应 泛基因组 苦荞","中国农科院 高海拔适应","中国农科院高海拔适应泛基因组苦荞-510",9,"2026-08-13T23:53:47.349302Z",{"total":63,"page":21,"page_size":63,"items":64},6,[65,108,151,190,225,264],{"id":66,"title":67,"url":68,"summary":69,"summary_zh":8,"content":70,"source_name":71,"source_url":8,"published_at":72,"category":73,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":40,"score":74,"score_detail":75,"sources":82,"tags":84,"primary_topic":88,"secondary_topics":89,"classification":90,"search_phrases":102,"slug":105,"view_count":106,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":107},1054,"广东省农科院作物所甘薯团队在甘薯茎腐病致病机制取得重要进展 首次构建Dickeya dadantii物种泛基因组图谱","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gdaas.cn\u002Fcrigdaas\u002Fkxyj\u002Fkydt\u002Fcontent\u002Fpost_1336413.html","广东省农业科学院作物研究所甘薯团队基于PacBio HiFi测序技术,完成了甘薯细菌性茎腐病和根腐病(BSRR)代表性菌株E36的高质量完整环状基因组组装(4.78 Mb),并整合中国8个省份共33株分离菌株与23株全球公开菌株,首次构建了Dickeya dadantii物种层面的泛基因组图谱,系统解析了该病原菌的种群结构与遗传分化特征,揪出藏在病菌里的两个关键\"毒力开关\",为抗病甘薯品种培育奠定基础。研究发表于《Agricultural and Food Chemistry》(中科院一区,IF=6.7)。","甘薯一烂就是一大片，茎基发黑、散发恶臭，产量全完蛋！这种‘毁灭性’土传病害到底怎么防治？广东省农科院团队带着‘泛基因组’黑科技来了！他们揪出了藏在病菌里的两个关键‘毒力开关’，一旦关闭，病菌丧失部分攻击力。抗病甘薯品种，或许不再遥远。\n\n由 Dickeya dadantii引起的甘薯细菌性茎腐病和根腐病（BSRR）是当前严重威胁全球甘薯产业健康发展的毁灭性土传病害，其典型症状表现为茎基部软化变黑、维管束组织褐变以及储藏根腐烂并伴有恶臭，在甘薯整个生育周期内均可造成巨大的产量损失与品质下降。该病原菌宿主范围广泛，能够侵染包括玉米、菠萝、水稻、烟草及番茄在内的多种经济作物和观赏植物，且自2010年在中国首次报道以来，已迅速扩散至广东、海南、江西、河南、福建、重庆、广西、江苏等多个省份，成为我国南方甘薯主产区最具破坏性的病害之一。尽管该病害的危害日趋严重，但目前对于中国流行菌株的群体结构、遗传分化模式以及其核心毒力决定因子的系统性认知仍然十分匮乏，这极大地制约了针对性的抗病育种策略和高效病害防控手段的研发。\n\n为进一步解析中国不同地理来源 D. dadantii菌株的遗传多样性及其关键致病分子基础，广东省农业科学院作物研究所甘薯团队开展了深入研究，并取得新进展。\n\n广东省农业科学院作物研究所甘薯团队于Agricultural and Food Chemistry（中科院一区，IF: 6.7)在线发表题为“Pangenome Analysis Uncovers Two Pathotypes of Dickeya dadantii, the Causal Agent of Sweetpotato Stem Rot, and Identifies Virulence Associated Genes”的研究论文。\n\n本研究基于 PacBio HiFi 测序技术，完成了甘薯细菌性茎腐病和根腐病（BSRR）代表性菌株 E36 的高质量完整环状基因组组装（4.78 Mb），并整合中国 8 个省份共 33 株分离菌株与 23 株全球公开菌株，首次构建了 Dickeya dadantii物种层面的泛基因组图谱，系统解析了该病原菌的种群结构与遗传分化特征。泛基因组分析表明，核心基因约占 41.83%，附属基因占比达 58.17%，且随着菌株数量增加，核心基因比例呈逐渐下降趋势，附属基因数量明显扩张，充分揭示该病原菌基因组具有典型的“开放”特征，高度动态且受到显著的环境选择压力。\n\n系统发育分析与平均核苷酸一致性（ANI）结果显示，全球范围内的菌株呈现明显的地域聚集性，而国内甘薯源菌株根据地理来源可划分为两大主要进化类群（Group I 和 Group II），表明地理隔离与宿主适应共同驱动了该病原菌的遗传分化。\n\n在此基础上，研究基于 56 株菌株共有的核心基因组，通过信号肽预测、跨膜结构域筛选及亚细胞定位分析，鉴定出 36 个保守效应蛋白，并选取 8 个代表性基因开展侵染时间序列表达分析（qRT-PCR）、蛋白纯化及目标效应蛋白突变体表型验证。\n\n结果表明，CpxP 和 Spy 基因在侵染后显著上调表达，且在后期维持较高转录水平。进一步通过原核表达纯化这两个蛋白并注射至本氏烟草叶片，在 6 天内可诱导典型的过敏性反应（HR），证实其具备激发宿主植物免疫反应的生物活性。为验证其在病害中的实际毒力功能，研究构建了 ΔCpxP 和 ΔSpy 基因敲除突变体，并在甘薯块根和叶片上进行致病力测试，结果显示两个突变体的致病力均较野生型 E36 显著下降，病斑面积明显缩小。此外，CpxP 和 Spy 蛋白均含有 LTXXQ 保守结构域，提示该结构域可能与其毒力功能密切相关。综上所述，本研究不仅首次阐明了中国 D. dadantii群体的种群分化格局，还通过“预测-表达-验证”的完整链条实证了 CpxP 和 Spy 是病原菌侵染甘薯的保守毒力因子，为深入解析其分子致病机制及开发区域性病害防控策略提供了重要的理论依据和基因靶点。\n\n该论文第一作者为联合培养硕士生范梦佳，通讯作者为广东省农业科学院作物研究所黄立飞研究员。此外，广东省农科院基因中心吴绍文副研究员、华南农业大学周佳暖教授及华中农业大学谢甲涛教授都参与了本项目。本研究得到了国家甘薯产业技术体系（CARS-10）、国家重点研发计划（2024YFD1401203-5）和广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设专项资金（2024CXTD07）项目支持。","广东省农业科学院","2026-08-26T00:00:00Z","报道",85,{"impact":76,"substance":77,"depth":78,"authority":79,"freshness":80,"relevant":21,"comment":81},22,24,19,13,7,"甘薯茎腐病致病机制研究取得重要进展，首次构建泛基因组图谱，对农业病害防控有实质贡献。",[83],{"name":71,"url":68},[27,85,86,87],"广东省农科院","甘薯","茎腐病",{"code":32,"slug":33,"name":34,"path":35,"parent_code":36},[],{"status":39,"locked":40,"version":41,"method":42,"evidence":91},{"candidates":92,"agricultural_evidence":14},[93,98],{"code":32,"score":94,"supported":14,"title":95,"abstract":96,"tags":97},12,[86],[86],[86],{"code":52,"score":21,"supported":40,"title":99,"abstract":100,"tags":101},[],[],[27],[103,104],"广东省农科院 泛基因组 茎腐病 甘薯","广东省农科院 泛基因组","广东省农科院泛基因组茎腐病甘薯-1054",2,"2026-08-29T00:04:34.724646Z",{"id":109,"title":110,"url":111,"summary":112,"summary_zh":8,"content":113,"source_name":114,"source_url":8,"published_at":8,"category":12,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":40,"score":74,"score_detail":115,"sources":118,"tags":120,"primary_topic":125,"secondary_topics":126,"classification":127,"search_phrases":145,"slug":148,"view_count":136,"doi":149,"paper":8,"created_at":150},839,"中国农科院作科所等:全球首个绿豆图泛基因组——鉴定调控绿豆黄酮合成和抗豆象关键基因(原标题:A graph-based pangenome of mungbean)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1038\u002Fs41588-026-02644-5","中国农业科学院作物科学研究所特色农作物优异种质资源发掘与创新利用创新团队联合国内外单位,构建全球首个高质量绿豆图泛基因组。从全球580份绿豆种质资源中筛选出11份代表性材料,组装构建首个绿豆图泛基因组,鉴定出调控黄酮代谢合成、增强绿豆抵抗害虫豆象的关键基因。前者通过启动子插入及编码区突变调控黄酮积累,与荞麦黄酮合成调控机制一致;后者启动子缺失变异增强基因表达、抑制关键抗虫降解酶活性、维持种皮结构完整。成果发表在《自然·遗传学(Nature Genetics)》。注:本成果基于11份代表性核心种质,实际育种应用仍需更广泛的验证。","1.   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Graph pangenome captures missing heritability and empowers tomato breeding. _Nature_**606**, 527–534 (2022).\n\n[Article](https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1038%2Fs41586-022-04808-9)[CAS](https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002Farticles\u002Fcas-redirect\u002F1:CAS:528:DC%2BB38XhsFWhu7bO)[PubMed](http:\u002F\u002Fwww.n","Nature Genetics 2026 论文 2026年8月",{"impact":17,"substance":17,"depth":18,"authority":19,"freshness":116,"relevant":21,"comment":117},0,"全球首个绿豆泛基因组，鉴定关键基因，重大科研突破，但发表于2026年8月，时效性差。",[119],{"name":114,"url":111},[121,27,122,123,124],"绿豆","Nature Genetics","中国农科院作科所","黄酮",{"code":32,"slug":33,"name":34,"path":35,"parent_code":36},[],{"status":39,"locked":40,"version":41,"method":42,"evidence":128},{"candidates":129,"agricultural_evidence":14},[130,134,141],{"code":32,"score":46,"supported":14,"title":131,"abstract":132,"tags":133},[],[49],[121],{"code":135,"score":136,"supported":14,"title":137,"abstract":138,"tags":140},"F1",3,[],[139],"种质资源",[],{"code":52,"score":21,"supported":40,"title":142,"abstract":143,"tags":144},[],[],[27],[146,147],"中国农科院作科所 泛基因组 绿豆 黄酮","中国农科院作科所 泛基因组","中国农科院作科所泛基因组绿豆黄酮-839","10.1038\u002Fs41588-026-02644-5","2026-08-22T00:06:00.711327Z",{"id":152,"title":153,"url":154,"summary":155,"summary_zh":8,"content":156,"source_name":157,"source_url":8,"published_at":158,"category":73,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":14,"score":159,"score_detail":160,"sources":165,"tags":167,"primary_topic":169,"secondary_topics":170,"classification":171,"search_phrases":186,"slug":188,"view_count":60,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":189},811,"[中国农科院作科所]全球首个绿豆图泛基因组发布——鉴定调控绿豆黄酮合成和抗豆象关键基因","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.toutiao.com\u002Farticle\u002F7675580719766323746","中国农科院作物科学研究所特色农作物优异种质资源发掘与创新利用团队联合国内外单位,从全球580份绿豆种质资源中筛选出11份代表性材料,组装构建全球首个高质量绿豆图泛基因组,鉴定出调控黄酮代谢合成、增强绿豆抵抗害虫豆象的关键基因。前者通过启动子插入及编码区突变调控黄酮积累,与荞麦黄酮合成调控机制一致;后者启动子缺失变异增强基因表达、抑制关键抗虫降解酶活性、维持种皮结构完整。成果发表在《自然·遗传学(Nature Genetics)》。","## 全球首个绿豆图泛基因组发布\n\n近日，中国农业科学院作物科学研究所特色农作物优异种质资源发掘与创新利用创新团队联合国内外单位，构建全球首个高质量绿豆图泛基因组，鉴定出调控绿豆黄酮合成和增强绿豆抗虫性的关键基因。相关成果发表在**《自然·遗传学（Nature Genetics）》**上。\n\n![Image 1](https:\u002F\u002Fp3-sign.toutiaoimg.com\u002Ftos-cn-i-axegupay5k\u002Fa22a08be07f442dda9e670f2c144e64b~tplv-tt-origin-web:gif.jpeg?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1787961965&x-signature=sLYLUIE2p3MoN24C6plxZjTaoDM%3D)\n\n绿豆是我国重要特色豆类作物，兼具营养与产业价值。传统单一参考基因组无法覆盖绿豆遗传多样性，关键结构变异难以解析，制约了种质发掘与精准育种。\n\n研究团队从全球580份绿豆种质资源中筛选出11份代表性材料，组装构建了全球首个绿豆图泛基因组，并鉴定出调控黄酮代谢合成、增强绿豆抵抗害虫豆象的关键基因。研究发现，前者通过启动子插入及编码区突变调控黄酮积累，该机制与荞麦中黄酮合成调控机制一致。而后者启动子缺失变异可增强基因表达，抑制关键抗虫降解酶活性，维持种皮结构完整，增强绿豆抗虫能力。该研究填补了绿豆图泛基因组研究空白，为绿豆优质抗虫品种培育提供了重要靶点与理论支撑。\n\n该研究得到国家自然科学基金、国家现代农业产业技术体系、中国农业科学院科技创新工程等项目的资助。\n\n原文链接：\n\nhttps:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1038\u002Fs41588-026-02644-5","中国农业科学院\u002F今日头条 2026年8月19日","2026-08-19T00:00:00Z",91,{"impact":161,"substance":77,"depth":162,"authority":163,"freshness":80,"relevant":21,"comment":164},28,18,14,"全球首个绿豆泛基因组发布，重大科研突破，发表于Nature Genetics，对作物育种和农业科技有重要影响。",[166],{"name":157,"url":154},[121,27,122,123,168],"抗虫",{"code":32,"slug":33,"name":34,"path":35,"parent_code":36},[],{"status":39,"locked":40,"version":41,"method":42,"evidence":172},{"candidates":173,"agricultural_evidence":14},[174,178,182],{"code":32,"score":46,"supported":14,"title":175,"abstract":176,"tags":177},[],[49],[121],{"code":135,"score":136,"supported":14,"title":179,"abstract":180,"tags":181},[],[139],[],{"code":52,"score":21,"supported":40,"title":183,"abstract":184,"tags":185},[],[],[27],[187,147],"中国农科院作科所 泛基因组 抗虫 绿豆","中国农科院作科所泛基因组抗虫绿豆-811","2026-08-22T00:05:58.705927Z",{"id":191,"title":192,"url":193,"summary":194,"summary_zh":8,"content":195,"source_name":196,"source_url":8,"published_at":197,"category":73,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":14,"score":198,"score_detail":199,"sources":202,"tags":204,"primary_topic":8,"secondary_topics":206,"classification":207,"search_phrases":220,"slug":223,"view_count":200,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":224},693,"中国农科院作科所杂粮创新团队找回苦荞丢失的高原适应性基因——苦荞研究论文在Cell发表","https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fmtxw\u002Fdd8540c871fe401b9e0e74424c8dccc5.htm","中国农业科学院作物科学研究所杂粮创新团队联合国内外科研力量,系统找回栽培苦荞丢失的高原适应性基因,创制出兼具高海拔适应性与大粒高产特性的苦荞新种质,为苦荞重返高原故乡提供遗传基础。研究成果以Pangenome-guided breeding restores high-altitude adaptation and improves yield in Tartary buckwheat为题在国际期刊Cell发表,首次构建苦荞泛基因组并定位关键适应性位点,为高海拔特色杂粮育种提供新路径。","[English](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fen)[邮箱](https:\u002F\u002Fmail.caas.cn\u002F)[数字农科院](https:\u002F\u002Fi.caas.cn\u002F)[](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fcms\u002Fweb\u002Fsearch\u002Findex.jsp?siteID=cdb01dceb46e48488945d4465e90f221&aba=)\n\n官方微信 \n\n![Image 1](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fimages\u002F2023-01\u002F020ac4d3d8b6451782a8702c72604336.jpg)农科专家在线微信公众号\n\n![Image 2](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fimages\u002F2023-01\u002Fbf6579e4651e437db31a22cd2249b319.jpg)中国农科院微信公众号\n\n[![Image 3](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fstatic2022\u002Fimages\u002Fmenu_logo.png)](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Findex.htm)\n\n*   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作者：杨舒\n\n字体[小](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fmtxw\u002Fdd8540c871fe401b9e0e74424c8dccc5.htm)[中](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fmtxw\u002Fdd8540c871fe401b9e0e74424c8dccc5.htm)[大](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fmtxw\u002Fdd8540c871fe401b9e0e74424c8dccc5.htm)\n\n野生苦荞产自高原，但经长期人工驯化，粒大高产的栽培苦荞再也无法适应“故乡”。这个问题怎么解决？为此，中国农业科学院[作物科学研究所](http:\u002F\u002Fics.caas.cn\u002F)杂粮作物功能成分挖掘与新品种选育创新团队联合国内外科研力量，找回了苦荞丢失的高原适应性基因，并创制出兼具高海拔适应性和大粒高产特性的苦荞新种质，让苦荞未来得以重返高原。近日，相关论文发表于国际期刊《细胞》。\n\n苦荞是荞麦属中重要的栽培物种，生育期短，耐寒、耐瘠薄，对高海拔山区的冷凉环境具有较强适应力。在水稻、小麦和玉米等大宗作物难以稳定生长的地区，苦荞长期承担着补充口粮、抵御灾荒和丰富膳食的重要作用。同时，其营养价值独特，除了淀粉、蛋白质、膳食纤维外，还富含芦丁、槲皮素等黄酮类物质。如今，它的开发利用已拓展至苦荞茶、苦荞面、代餐食品和特色发酵产品，并进一步延伸至营养保健及医疗健康相关产品，逐渐成为大健康产业的重要特色资源。对于高原和高寒山区而言，发展苦荞不仅有助于丰富食物来源和改善膳食结构，也能够带动特色农产品加工和地方产业发展。\n\n原本的野生苦荞在海拔4500米的高原地区能够正常开花结实，但籽粒小、产量低。经过驯化与人工选择，人们在低海拔地区培育出籽粒更大、产量更高的栽培苦荞，但当这些品种重新被种植到高原上，却明显适应性不足。由此，研究团队开展多年的野生荞麦资源调查，构建苦荞泛基因组，最终找到苦荞适应高原环境的关键基因。研究显示，该基因在所有栽培苦荞中完全缺失，它可以减轻紫外线和低温胁迫对苦荞造成的DNA损伤，维持基因组稳定和基因表达，从而增强苦荞对高海拔复合胁迫的耐受能力。\n\n找回野生苦荞适应高海拔环境的关键基因，只解决了“能不能生长”的问题。要进一步实现高海拔地区苦荞的稳产增产，还必须回答另一个问题：能不能结出更大的籽粒？为此，研究团队进一步锁定调控籽粒大小的基因座。至此，高原适应和大粒高产两条遗传线索终于清晰。团队进一步通过杂交、回交和分子标记辅助选择，将这些基因精准聚合，创制出兼具高海拔适应性和大粒高产特性的苦荞新种质。\n\n业界专家表示，这一成果为破解作物改良中“环境适应性与产量难以兼得”的难题提供了新思路，也为其他利用野生种质资源改良面临极端环境胁迫的作物提供了重要参考。\n\n(单位: 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2026-08-13","2026-08-13T00:00:00Z",90,{"impact":161,"substance":77,"depth":162,"authority":19,"freshness":200,"relevant":21,"comment":201},5,"重大科研突破，发表于Cell，权威性高，但时效性稍差。",[203],{"name":196,"url":193},[26,27,28,29,205],"高原适应性",[],{"status":208,"locked":40,"version":41,"method":42,"evidence":209},"unclassified",{"candidates":210,"agricultural_evidence":14,"reason":219},[211,215],{"code":32,"score":21,"supported":40,"title":212,"abstract":213,"tags":214},[],[],[28],{"code":52,"score":21,"supported":40,"title":216,"abstract":217,"tags":218},[],[],[27],"缺少足够的主题证据",[221,222],"中国农科院 高原适应性 泛基因组 苦荞","中国农科院 高原适应性","中国农科院高原适应性泛基因组苦荞-693","2026-08-18T23:59:16.707608Z",{"id":226,"title":227,"url":228,"summary":229,"summary_zh":8,"content":230,"source_name":231,"source_url":8,"published_at":11,"category":73,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":14,"score":159,"score_detail":232,"sources":234,"tags":236,"primary_topic":238,"secondary_topics":243,"classification":244,"search_phrases":259,"slug":262,"view_count":13,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":263},487,"构建苦荞泛基因组 找回苦荞中丢失的\"高原密码\"——周美亮团队研究成果登Cell","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Ftpxw\u002F2a36a8ce6a0844adaadd8aff36bfe467.htm","中国农业科学院作物科学研究所周美亮研究员团队联合兰州大学、四川大学、延安大学、西北农林科技大学及澳大利亚默多克大学等,在国际顶尖学术期刊《细胞(Cell)》发表苦荞泛基因组研究。以16份代表性材料构建苦荞泛基因组,并整合来自15个国家和地区994份种质资源,鉴定到野生苦荞特有高原适应基因FtRNH及调控籽粒大小的FtPLATZ基因座,通过杂交、回交和分子标记辅助选择,创制出兼具高海拔适应性与大粒高产特性的苦荞新种质,在高海拔条件下较对照品种增产约25%。","科研团队历时10余年，持续深入我国中西部及喜马拉雅地区开展野生荞麦资源考察、收集、鉴定与保护工作，收集野生资源2000余份，基本摸清了我国野生荞麦资源的分布情况。同时，团队围绕优异种质创新利用和新品种选育持续攻关，培育出广适、高产、稳产的苦荞新品种“中苦3号”。在此基础上，团队根据包括“中苦3号”在内的16份代表性种质，构建了苦荞泛基因组，并整合来自15个国家和地区的994份苦荞种质资源的遗传变异信息，构建高分辨率变异图谱。分析发现，喜马拉雅野生苦荞保留了更高的遗传多样性和更多的特有结构变异，为发掘栽培苦荞驯化丢失的环境适应基因和产量改良位点提供了遗传资源。","中国农业科学院 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泛基因组","中国农科院泛基因组周美亮苦荞-487","2026-08-13T23:53:45.761390Z",{"id":265,"title":266,"url":267,"summary":268,"summary_zh":8,"content":269,"source_name":270,"source_url":8,"published_at":271,"category":73,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":40,"score":272,"score_detail":273,"sources":275,"tags":277,"primary_topic":282,"secondary_topics":283,"classification":284,"search_phrases":307,"slug":310,"view_count":311,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":312},193,"国家马铃薯产业科技创新联盟会在河北张家口召开——中薯系列推广面积上亿亩,联盟发布全球市场年报","https:\u002F\u002Ffinance.sina.com.cn\u002Fmoney\u002Fbond\u002F2026-08-03\u002Fdoc-inikzqsr2752539.shtml","8月2日,以创新赋能产研融合为主题的马铃薯新品种与高产高效技术示范观摩会暨国家马铃薯产业科技创新联盟会在河北省张家口市召开。中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所攻克四倍体马铃薯核心种质创制瓶颈,培育出中薯26、中薯27、中薯49、中薯早35等自主知识产权品种50余个,累计推广面积上亿亩,中薯27、中薯早35入选国家主推品种目录。会上同步发布全球马铃薯市场综述及走势分析年报(2025\u002F2026)。","马铃薯作为全球第三大主粮，我国第四大主粮及第一大粮菜兼用作物，事关国家粮食稳产保供与千亿斤粮食增产大局。中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所是国家马铃薯产业技术体系研发中心、国家薯类作物研究中心、国家马铃薯产业科技创新联盟、农业农村部薯类生物学与遗传育种重点实验室等国家级平台依托单位，是全国马铃薯种质创新、品种选育、绿色栽培技术攻关的核心战略科技力量。\n\n中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所党委副书记、副所长季勇致辞中指出，我们攻克了四倍体马铃薯核心种质创制瓶颈，培育出中薯26、中薯27、中薯49、中薯早35等自主知识产权品种50余个，累计推广面积上亿亩，中薯27、中薯早35入选了国家主推品种目录；定向培育了高抗晚疫病、适配油炸加工、高淀粉专用等优异种质，形成了鲜食、加工双赛道新品系矩阵；集成创制新马铃薯绿色智慧高效栽培技术体系，入选农业农村部年度主推技术，实现了从实验室种质资源到大田丰产方案全链条贯通。","新华财经 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