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近期，农业农村部、财政部联合印发《关于实施“十五五”时期渔业发展支持政策加快渔业现代化建设的通知》（以下简称《通知》）。日前，农业农村部渔业渔政管理局负责人就“十五五”渔业发展支持政策有关情况回答了记者提问。\n\n**问：“十五五”渔业发展支持政策出台有什么背景和意义？**\n\n答：渔业发展支持政策是渔业领域支持力度最大、实施范围最广、渔民受益最直接的综合保障政策。“十四五”期间，国家实施渔业发展支持政策，推动渔业高质量发展取得了突出成效，特别是为落实好党中央、国务院关于水产品稳产保供、水生生物资源保护、远洋渔业转型升级、渔业安全生产等工作部署提供了重要保障。2025年底，全国水产品总产量、渔业经济总产值、渔民人均纯收入分别比“十三五”末期增长了16.9%、28.8%和31.3%。但同时渔业质量安全、生产安全、资源安全、涉外安全底线任务依然艰巨，产业发展不平衡、不充分问题仍然比较突出，亟需持续发挥支持政策的引导和保障作用。为贯彻习近平总书记重要指示精神，落实党中央、国务院决策部署，提升渔业综合生产能力和质量效益，推动渔业高质量发展，将渔业建成现代化大产业，“十五五”继续实施渔业发展支持政策。本次，两部门联合印发《通知》，就是对新阶段渔业发展支持政策作出系统部署。\n\n**问：“十五五”渔业发展支持政策提**出“大稳定、小调整”原则，请问怎么理解？\n\n答：“十四五”期间，中央财政通过成品油价格调整对渔业补助资金、农业产业发展资金渔业发展支出方向两个渠道支持渔业发展，初步形成了两项资金各有侧重、相互配合，协同推进渔业高质量发展的政策体系。在谋划制定“十五五”渔业发展支持政策过程中，我们会同财政部门提出了“大稳定、小调整”原则。\n\n“稳定”主要体现在三个方面。一是支持渠道总体稳定。“十五五”继续通过上述两个渠道支持渔业高质量发展，加快推进渔业现代化建设。二是支持方向总体稳定。对标农业农村和渔业发展“十五五”规划目标，政策将继续支持开展渔船渔港建设、绿色养殖发展、水产品加工升级、远洋渔业履约、渔业资源养护等内容，推动渔业全产业链协调发展。三是管理方式总体稳定。延续“十四五”做法，中央部门统筹实施需国家统一部署的重点工作和重大引领性项目，地方政府因地制宜统筹推动本地区渔业高质量发展，同时加强省级统筹和组织领导，压实地方政府主体责任。\n\n“调整”主要体现在两个方面。一是突出强调保障渔业安全生产。将海洋渔业资源养护补贴发放与安全生产挂钩，压实渔船船东主体责任。支持地方重点开展船载可视化安全监管系统、渔港安全监管能力建设，加强渔业安全生产监管。推动不符合安全标准的渔船更新改造为钢制或新材料等安全性能好且资源友好型渔船，提升渔船本质安全水平。二是主动对接国际条约。明确禁止对从事非法、不报告、不管制捕捞或支持非法、不报告、不管制捕捞相关活动的船舶或经营者予以补贴；禁止对处于过度捕捞状态种群的捕捞或与此类捕捞有关的活动予以补贴；禁止向在沿海国管辖范围外且在相关区域渔业管理组织（安排）权限范围外区域捕捞及与此类捕捞有关的活动予以补贴。\n\n**问：能否具体介绍一下“十五五”渔业发展支持政策的重大项目？**\n\n答：一方面，继续实施渔业绿色循环发展、沿海渔港经济区建设项目。“十四五”实施渔业绿色循环发展、沿海渔港经济区建设项目，有力促进了水产养殖高质量发展、提升了沿海渔港基础设施水平。“十五五”将继续实施这两类项目，在渔业绿色循环发展项目中着重体现“质量安全、尾水达标、环境优美、渔民增收”相统一的高质量水产养殖理念，推动减少养殖用药，提升水产品品质；在沿海渔港经济区建设项目中，加强渔港信息化建设，实现渔港智能监控全覆盖，有力支撑海洋渔船安全生产专项整治工作。\n\n另一方面，整合海洋牧场、深远海养殖装备建设项目，支持建设海上牧场。习近平总书记指出，要树立大食物观，既向陆地要食物，也向海洋要食物，耕海牧渔，建设海上牧场、“蓝色粮仓”。“十五五”时期，在优化整合原海洋牧场与深远海养殖装备建设项目的基础上，创新创设了海上牧场项目。在理念上迭代升级。从单一的资源养护或养殖生产，向生态优先、生产高效、陆海统筹、融合发展转变。在内容上拓展延伸。从聚焦人工鱼礁、养殖装备等单一环节，向水产种业、近海养殖、深远海养殖、水产品加工流通等全产业链拓展延伸。在空间上优化布局。从分散布点、各自建设，向要素集中、功能互补、区域协同的集群化方向迈进，集中建设一批布局合理、功能多样、链条完整的海上牧场项目。通过以上系统性重构，实现原海洋牧场、深远海养殖装备建设项目从“物理整合”向“化学融合”跃升。对于海洋牧场、深远海养殖装备，“十五五”期间优化支持方式，不再分别单独安排，将相关建设内容纳入海上牧场一并推进建设，在扶持力度上不会减弱。目前，我们正在会同财政部门研究出台支持海上牧场的具体政策，海洋牧场、深远海养殖装备都是其中的建设重点，真正将海上牧场打造成为渔业现代化的先行区、海洋经济高质量发展的示范带。此外，沿海各地也可以根据实际需要，用好一般性转移支付等资金渠道，因地制宜统筹开展海洋牧场、深远海养殖装备建设。\n\n**问：如何抓好“十五五”渔业发展支持政策贯彻落实？**\n\n答：贯彻落实“十五五”渔业发展支持政策关乎渔民群众的切身利益和渔业现代化进程。下一步，农业农村部渔业渔政管理局将会同联合有关方面，扎实推进“十五五”渔业发展支持政策实施。一是压实责任，细化方案。要求各地强化对渔业发展、渔民增收、渔区稳定，特别是涉及渔业安全生产方面的责任，抓紧制定具体实施方案，明确基本思路、目标任务、资金使用重点和具体安排，确保政策接得住、落得下、见实效。二是规范管理，提升效能。推动地方政府和行业主管部门切实扛起资金项目落实责任，加强从项目、任务谋划申报到落实落地的全链条、各环节科学规范管理，综合采取有力措施，切实提高资金项目实施成效。加强结转结余资金管理，统筹盘活存量资金，加快预算执行。三是多元投入，协同发力。健全财政支持保障、金融重点倾斜、社会积极参与的多元投入格局，强化政策支持和协同，引导更多资源要素向渔业现代化集聚。四是严格监督，强化问效。推动地方加强财会监督、审计监督，加大财政监管和问责力度，对有关行业任务、数据及信息的真实性、准确性负责并加强审核把关。强化绩效考核评估，把考核评估情况作为下一年度资金安排的重要参考。","江门市人民政府 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