[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"topic-IPM":3},{"name":4,"kind":5,"tokens":6,"total":7,"page":7,"page_size":8,"items":9},"IPM","tag",[4],1,100,[10],{"id":11,"title":12,"url":13,"summary":14,"summary_zh":15,"content":16,"source_name":17,"source_url":13,"published_at":18,"category":19,"cover_url":16,"hotness":20,"is_selected":21,"score":22,"score_detail":23,"sources":30,"tags":32,"primary_topic":37,"secondary_topics":43,"classification":50,"search_phrases":78,"slug":81,"view_count":82,"doi":83,"paper":84,"created_at":108},5547,"Apple quality and soil biological diversity in long-term organic and IPM apple orchards","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3389\u002Ffsufs.2026.1943487","Introduction While several studies have compared fruit quality in organic and conventional apple production, integrated assessments of fruit quality and soil biological diversity remain limited. Majority of previous studies have been based on relatively short-term experimental comparisons, although responses of soil biota and soil properties often require many years of consistent management to become fully expressed. Methods This study compared yield, fruit quality, and soil biological diversity in long-term organic (ORG) apple orchard and long-term integrated pest management (IPM) orchard under Nordic conditions. The study was conducted in 2022–2024 at the Polli Horticultural Research Centre (Estonia) using the cultivars “Katre”, “Krista,” and “Alesja”. Apple, yield, fruit quality attributes (soluble solids and titratable acids content and their ratio, ascorbic acid content and total polyphenols, total anthocyanins, fruit firmness, fruit colour, fruit mineral elements content), soil chemical parameters, earthworm and springtail communities were analysed. Results and Discussion Higher total and fresh-market yields were observed in the IPM orchard in two of the three cultivars, whereas the proportion of fresh-market fruit did not differ consistently between the two orchards. When averaged across cultivars, apples from ORG orchard exhibited more intense peel coloration. Differences in taste-related traits and antioxidant composition between cultivation systems were cultivar- and year-dependent rather than consistently associated with cultivation system. Total polyphenol content was consistently higher under ORG management only in “Katre,” while “Alesja” exhibited the highest total polyphenol and anthocyanin contents irrespective of cultivation system, highlighting the dominant role of genotype. Soil in the ORG orchard had higher pH and greater phosphorus and calcium contents, supporting a higher proportion of anecic earthworms, particularly Aporrectodea longa . Total earthworm abundance was higher in the IPM orchard, springtail abundance did not differ significantly between systems. These results suggest that the conditions in the long-term ORG were more favourable for ecologically important earthworm groups without consistently affecting internal fruit quality compared to IPM orchard.","引言 尽管已有若干研究比较了有机与常规苹果生产中的果实品质，但结合果实品质与土壤生物多样性的综合评价仍较为有限。以往研究大多基于相对短期的试验比较，而土壤生物区系和土壤性质的响应往往需要多年持续一致的管理才能充分显现。方法 本研究在北欧条件下比较了长期有机（ORG）苹果园与长期综合病虫害管理（IPM）苹果园的产量、果实品质及土壤生物多样性。研究于2022—2024年在爱沙尼亚Polli园艺研究中心开展，供试品种为“Katre”“Krista”和“Alesja”。分析了苹果产量、果实品质指标（可溶性固形物与可滴定酸含量及其比值、抗坏血酸含量、总多酚、总花青素、果实硬度、果实色泽、果实矿质元素含量）、土壤化学参数、蚯蚓和跳虫群落。结果与讨论 在3个品种中的2个品种上，IPM果园的总产量和鲜食市场产量较高，而鲜食市场果实比例在两种果园间并无一致差异。按品种平均，ORG果园苹果果皮色泽更深。栽培系统间口感相关性状和抗氧化成分的差异因品种和年份而异，而非与栽培系统稳定相关。总多酚含量仅在“Katre”中于ORG管理下持续较高，而“Alesja”无论栽培系统如何均表现出最高的总多酚和花青素含量，凸显了基因型的主导作用。ORG果园土壤具有较高的pH以及较高的磷和钙含量，支持了较高比例的内栖型蚯蚓，尤其是长穴居蚯蚓（Aporrectodea longa）。IPM果园蚯蚓总丰度较高，跳虫丰度在系统间无显著差异。这些结果表明，与IPM果园相比，长期ORG的条件更有利于生态上重要的蚯蚓类群，但并未对果实内部品质产生一致影响。",null,"Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems","2026-10-21T00:00:00Z","论文",10,false,66,{"impact":24,"substance":25,"depth":26,"authority":27,"freshness":28,"relevant":7,"comment":29},8,20,16,13,9,"北欧长期定位试验对比有机与IPM苹果园的果实品质与土壤生物多样性，结论有新意但属区域尺度研究，公共影响有限。",[31],{"name":17,"url":13},[33,34,35,36,4],"长期定位试验","有机果园","土壤生物多样性","苹果品质",{"code":38,"slug":39,"name":40,"path":41,"parent_code":42},"B2","fruit","果树","\u002Ftopic\u002Fhorticulture\u002Ffruit","B",[44],{"code":45,"slug":46,"name":47,"path":48,"parent_code":49},"H2","soil","土壤健康与改良","\u002Ftopic\u002Fenvironment\u002Fsoil","H",{"status":51,"locked":21,"version":52,"method":53,"evidence":54},"classified","2026-10-22.2","rules",{"candidates":55,"agricultural_evidence":58},[56,65,71],{"code":38,"score":57,"supported":58,"title":59,"abstract":61,"tags":64},17,true,[60],"apple",[62,63,60],"苹果","orchard",[],{"code":45,"score":66,"supported":58,"title":67,"abstract":68,"tags":70},14,[46],[69,46],"土壤",[],{"code":72,"score":73,"supported":58,"title":74,"abstract":75,"tags":77},"H6",3,[],[76],"生物多样性",[],[79,80],"爱沙尼亚 Polli 苹果 有机 IPM","苹果园 蚯蚓 跳虫 土壤","爱沙尼亚Polli苹果有机IPM-5547",0,"10.3389\u002Ffsufs.2026.1943487",{"doi":83,"openalex_id":85,"authors":86,"venue":17,"cited_by_count":82,"oa_url":13,"card":101,"direction":105,"ingested_from":107},"W7223104118",[87,90,93,95,98],{"name":88,"orcid":89},"Ulvi Moor","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-8808-8494",{"name":91,"orcid":92},"Annely Kuu","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-0335-6243",{"name":94,"orcid":16},"K. Kahu",{"name":96,"orcid":97},"P. Põldma","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-7906-823X",{"name":99,"orcid":100},"Reelika Rätsep","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-8673-9978",{"tldr":102,"method":103,"finding":104,"direction":105,"opportunity":106},"比较长期有机与IPM苹果园的果实品质和土壤生物多样性。","在爱沙尼亚长期试验园测定三个品种的产量、品质及蚯蚓和跳虫群落。","有机园果皮色泽更深、土壤pH和磷钙更高，但果实内在品质差异多随品种和年份变化。","农业绿色发展与碳","可结合长期定位试验，量化土壤动物群落与果实品质的关联机制，并拓展多区域验证。","openalex","2026-10-22T11:20:15.557635Z"]